Silk road” International University of Tourism and Cultural Heritage Tourism manegment Faculty sayfulloyeva zarina master’s Thesis Ancient ceramics and glazes in the Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan

“SILK ROAD” International University of Tourism and Cultural Heritage
Tourism manegment Faculty

SAYFULLOYEVA ZARINA
Master’s Thesis

Ancient ceramics and glazes in the Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan.
Supervisor: FUSARO AGNES

Samarkand 2023
STATEMENT
of the author of the master's Thesis
I declare that the submitted master’s thesis entitled: Ceramics and glazes in the Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.
At the same time, I declare that work:
⦁ does not infringe the copyrights of third parties
⦁ does not contain information and data obtained illegally.
⦁ it has not previously been the subject of other procedures related to obtaining diplomas certificates or professional university titles.
In addition, I declare that the contents of the paper copy of the thesis and electronic copy of this work submitted by me are identical.
I acknowledge that if I have committed an act consisting of an assigning myself the authorship of a significant fragment or other element of the someone else's work or a scientific finding, the competent authority will declare the procedure for granting me a professional title invalid.
Student’s first and last name: SAYFULLOYEVA ZARINA
Signature: ______________________
Date: ________________________

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
No research work is achieved by one person alone, everything and everybody needs help and support. I would like to thank my supervisor Agnese Fusaro teacher of “Silk Road” International University of Tourism, whose experiences working in Central Asia and Pakistan. She inspired me to take on research in pottery in the Cental Asia. I am grateful to her for introducing me to the site of material. From answering my technical questions and providing invaluable feedback and support throughout the research and writing up period, to personally supervising fieldwork, it has been a pleasure to work with her. Without her participation and answers, the results of the research would not have been successful. And thank Dr. Hikmatillo Hoshimov for his friendly but professional guidance.

ABSTRACT
This thesis examines the technical aspects of ceramics and glazes from Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan.
Central Asia has long been a connecting bridge, facilitating long-distance trade in goods through Eurasia. Although the communities of Central Asia served as trading centers, they were also producers of specialty products and technological innovation centers themselves. In the 9th-12th centuries. CE glazed ceramics were introduced and started to be produced in the region. Characterization of the origin of ceramics and the manufacturing technology of this first glazed pottery from South Kazakhstan helps to reveal the physical commodity networks in the northern part of Central Asia during the Middle Ages, as well as how technologies transferred and adapted.
Ceramics and glazes of the period under discussion in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan are understudied, with minimal scientific analysis of the technological processes. These processes include the forming and firing of ceramic vessels, the origin of raw materials used in ceramics and glazes, and decoration methods such as slip painting and colored glazes. In each region several shapes and forms of ceramics were used for many purposes. Also, it discusses the technology of making pottery vessels and their decorations. Learning various pottery was found in the archeological sites, and at the time they are saving in many museums.