South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea

Geography 
Main articles: Geography of South Korea and Geology of South Korea 

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Topography of South Korea 
South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 
1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by 
the Yellow Sea to the west and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea 
Strait and the East China Sea. The country, including all its islands, lies between 
latitudes 33° and 39°N, and longitudes 124° and 130°E. Its total area is 100,032 square 
kilometers (38,622.57 sq mi).
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South Korea can be divided into four general regions: an eastern region of high mountain ranges 
and narrow coastal plains; a western region of broad coastal plains, river basins, and rolling hills; 
a southwestern region of mountains and valleys; and a southeastern region dominated by the 
broad basin of the Nakdong River.
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 South Korea is home to three terrestrial 
ecoregions: Central Korean deciduous forests, Manchurian mixed forests, and Southern Korea 
evergreen forests.
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 South Korea's terrain is mostly mountainous, most of which is 
not arable. Lowlands, located primarily in the west and southeast, make up only 30% of the total 
land area. South Korea has 20 national parks and popular nature places like the Boseong Tea 
Fields, Suncheon Bay Ecological Park, and Jirisan.
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About 3,000 islands, mostly small and uninhabited, lie off the western and southern coasts of 
South Korea. Jeju-do is about 100 kilometers (62 miles) off the southern coast of South Korea. It 
is the country's largest island, with an area of 1,845 square kilometers (712 square miles). Jeju is 
also the site of South Korea's highest point: Hallasan, an extinct volcano, reaches 1,950 meters 
(6,400 
feet) above 
sea 
level. 
The 
easternmost 
islands 
of 
South 
Korea 
include Ulleungdo and Liancourt 
Rocks (Dokdo/Takeshima), 
while Marado and Socotra 
Rock are the southernmost islands of South Korea.
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