Special features of small-sized vegetable tractors камбаров Б. А , Аширов В. Р

SPECIAL FEATURES OF SMALL-SIZED VEGETABLE TRACTORS

Камбаров Б. А ¹., Аширов В.Р ^2
1Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute
²Name of the Islom Karimov Tashkent state technical University
Email: [e-mail]

Annotation. In the article, in the fields of farmers' farms and agroclusters specializing in vegetable growing, the tools for efficient cultivation of energy-saving small-sized tractors for processing vegetable crops and vegetables from planting to inter-row processing, processing of sprouted greens, harvesting and transportation of workable cotton and other work are presented.
Key words: small tractor, vegetable garden, greenhouse, motor block, wheel, front and rear axles, row spacing, smooth, agrotechnical storage, effective.
In order to meet the needs of the population of the republic for vegetables, potatoes, and potatoes, as well as to assign processing enterprises with household, 2935.5 thousand tons of vegetables will be grown in the following years in all types of households, therefore, 706 thousand tons will be contributed by agricultural enterprises and farmers. The goal of meeting the demand of the republic is to grow vegetables in greenhouses and in greenhouses with a small contour area. In the country, it is possible to combine agricultural tires with small-sized tractors, to process vegetables and seedlings in greenhouses and fields, from seeding to inter-row processing, to collect and transport harvested crops, and other works. At the same time, tractors with high mass and power are used for harvesting vegetables in greenhouses and greenhouses, which is the reason for the increase in costs and other costs.
therefore, it is important to use small-sized tractors for the cultivation and distribution of vegetable crops in the land of low fertility. In addition, many farms and agroclusters specializing in vegetable cultivation plant as much as possible seedlings and saplings at the level of the planting areas at the beginning and end of the contours of the field areas. Light, heavy and heavy models of motoblocks and small-sized tractors are being imported mainly from abroad [1, 2] (see table). The main disadvantage of motoblocks is that they require separate transport to transport them to fields, and there are some difficulties in processing and transporting sprouted potatoes, tomatoes and bulgur mushrooms between the rows (especially at the beginning and end of the rows). in addition, it is considered that the wear of the head in field conditions (especially in some models with high engine power) and when installing active working bodies on it cannot provide safety [3, 4]. Aggregates built on the basis of motoblocks are used for plowing, cultivating and harvesting land, working with a row of straws, spraying and pollinating plants, threshing and preparing soil, packing and transportation. In some countries, motoblocks with a low center of gravity are used to carry out construction work in areas with a low center of gravity [2, 3]. 2 Small-sized tractors can also fulfill the tasks of the motoblocks. Their main advantages are mobility and special handling, and agricultural machines can be added to it to carry out technological processes, transport and other works.


Table. Types and main parameters of small-sized tractors

Tractor type	Construktor mass kg	Nominal power of engine kvt	The hiyist working sped km/s	The higest transport speed km/s	She koll wish more m/m	Agrotechnical slot at least, m/m
One sidet small sized tractor (motoblock)
Light	up to70	up to 3				130
Midiun	up to 100	up to 5	6	15	700	150
Heavy	more from 100	more from 5				300
Two-sidet small sized tractor
Light	up to 500	up to 10	6	15	800	300
Midiun	up to 650	up to 14	6	25	800	300
Heavy	more from 650	14 – 16	6	25	1200	300

As it can be seen from the given table, the agrotechnical traction of the motoblocks (150-300 mm) is not enough, so there are some difficulties in silyl processing between the rows that sprouted them.

Due to the lack of agrotechnical trailer of a small-sized tractor (at 300 MM), it is not able to saturate enough to process the sprouted field. If the tracks of the small tractors of light, heavy and oio type are extended in the range of 800 - 1200 mm, they can work between 40 and 60 cm of smooth soil.
A small-sized tractor with a front and rear bridge width of 1400 mm is required to cut and process vegetable crops in 70 cm rows. Based on the information given in the article, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of small-sized two-wheeled tractors and small-sized tractors, it is possible to adjust the wheels of small-sized tractors and agrotechnical equipment in the planting and careful processing of vegetable seeds and seeds.
If this tractor is suitable for farms and farmers specializing in vegetable growing, as well as for agroclusters, it will be possible to efficiently cultivate small plots of land, reduce the cost of labor, increase the yield and reduce the cost of the grown products, supply the domestic market of the country with cheap products, and export the surplus products abroad. allows. besides this, the social condition of the workers in the field of agriculture is hidden, the level of use of energy-resource-saving small tractors in the mechanization of agriculture increases.
References
1. Средства малой механизации в растениеводстве и животноводстве. Каталог. – М. 1993. – 44 с.
2. Соловьев Е.Т., Соколов Л.П. Обоснование оптимальных параметров МГПО для индивидуальных хозяйств: Труды КГСХА. – Курск: Изд-во КГСХА. 2001. – 215 с.
3. Романов Ф.Ф. Малогабаритные энергосредства. Выбор оптимальных эксплуатационных параметров. – Санкт-Петербург: Агропромиздат, 2000. – 182 с.
4. Гамалеев П.П., Ситников В.Р. Рабочее оборудование малогабаритных тракторов производства ОАО "АЛТТРАК" // Международная научно-техническая конференция. "Совершенствование рабочих органов сельхозмашин и орудий". – Барнаул,1994. – С.24-26.