Static Electricity 2000 Edition

7.13.2 Nonconductive Portable Tanks and IBCs.
Filling a non-
conductive portable tank or IBC with combustible liquids at
temperatures below their flash points presents no significant
static electric ignition hazard. Filling such a vessel with a com-
bustible liquid above or within 9
°C of its flash point should be
done as if the liquid were flammable. Refilling a vessel that
could contain flammable vapors from a previous product
should not be allowed. Additionally, the routine handling of
nonconductive vessels filled with any type of liquid can generate
a charge on the outside surface of the vessel. Nonconductive
portable tanks and IBCs should not be used where ignitible
ambient vapors are present.

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FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS AND THEIR VAPORS
77
–25
2000 Edition
Portable tanks and IBCs constructed of nonconductive
materials are prohibited for use with Class I liquids by NFPA
30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code. Where such con-
tainers are used for Class II and Class III liquids, the precau-
tions for filling depend on the size of the container, the
container design, and the conductivity of the liquid.
7.13.3 Metal Containers.
When being filled, metal contain-
ers and associated fill equipment should be bonded together
and grounded. Bonding should be done with a clamp having
hardened steel points that will penetrate paint, corrosion
products, and accumulated material using either screw force
or a strong spring. (See Appendix C for recommendations.) The
clamp should be applied prior to removing the container
bungs and at a point on the top chime that is located away
from the bung openings. The grounded fill pipe should be cut
at approximately 45 degrees and be left relatively sharp to
inhibit brush discharges from the liquid surface. The tip of the
fill pipe should extend to within 25 mm of the bottom of the
drum and remain beneath the liquid surface until the drum is
filled. Viscous liquids that flow without splashing can be
deflected by a short fill nozzle to flow down the inside wall of
the drum. Inerting of the drum is seldom necessary.
When dispensing from a metal container, it should be
grounded. Self-closing, metal dispensing valves should be
used. When dispensing from an upright drum, the dip pipe,
conductive hose, and pump should be bonded to the drum
and grounded. (For funnels and receiving containers, see 7.13.6.)