Structural-semantic peculiarities of conditional sentences in english and uzbek


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Conditionals

Were it not for my dog, I would be quite lonely.- Agar kuchugim bo’lmaganida edi, men juda yolg’izlanib qolardim.
But for your help, I would not have been able to quit gambling. – Sizning yordamingiz bo’lmaganida edi, men qimor ko’chasini tark etolmasdim.
If you should happen to see Davina, ask her whether she would look after the cats this weekend. – Agarda Davinani uchratib qolsang, undan bu yakshanbada mushuklarga qarab tura oladimi yoki yo’qmi so’rab ko’ring.
Are you concerned about the environment? If so, you will be interested in this project. – Tabiat haqida qayg’urasizmi? Agar shunday bo’lsa, siz bu loyiha bilan qiziqib qolasiz.
Unless governments act now, the environment is really going to suffer. – Agar davlatlar hozir harakat qilishmasa, atrof-muhit juda zararlanadi.
From the sentences and translations given above, it can be said that the structures to give conditional meaning exist in both English and Uzbek. Specifically, they are “providing…”, “on condition that…”, “if so…”, “if it were not”, “were it not for…”, “for your…”, unless; in Uzbek language, these structures can be “agar …sa”, “agar …masa”, “agar shunday bo’lsa…”, “…bo’maganida edi” and “…taqdirdagina”. All of these structures give conditional meaning with some stylistic and grammar differences.

  1. For example, in English language, the structures “on condition that” and “providing” are usually applied in more formal and serious situations compared to “if” clauses;

  2. Another difference here is that “if” clause demands “subject-predicate” relation within a sentence, while “if so” can be the whole clause itself without any subject and verbs;

  3. In Uzbek language, “agar ...sa” is usually met in if conditional sentences; however, “…taqdirdagina” like “on condition that” and “providing” is used in much more critical situations;

  4. In Uzbek language, phrases equal to full sentences like in English (if so) do not exist, and all clauses no matter what words or structures are used, always, subject-verb agreement is must-have.

As a last word, in this part, it can be said that, both in English and Uzbek language, different structures meaning conditionality do exist, but they have distinguishing features in terms of style, degree and seriousness.



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