Structural-semantic peculiarities of conditional sentences in english and uzbek

e.g. I can’t dance.
Can you speak English?
II. The modal verbs can, may, shall, will have two tense forms of the indicative mood:
1) The present tense.
e.g. 1. The sea can be rough.
2. May we leave this book with you?- Biz bu kitobni siz bilan qoldirsak maylimi?
3. The child shall be punished for it. I won’t allow it.
4. You will go there and tell him that the game is up.
2) The past tense.
e.g. 1. I couldn’t understand him when he spoke very fast.
2. He asked me if he might use my cell phone. – U mendan telefonimni ishlatishi mumkinligini so’radi.
3. You should be more careful.- Sen e’tiborliroq bo’lishing kerak.
4. Would you please lend me your pencil? – Qalamingizni qarzga berib turolmaysizmi, iltimos?
III. The forms could, might, should and would instead of denoting a past action may denote an unreal action.
e.g. If you stopped smoking, you would probably feel healthier.- Agarda sen chekishni to’xtatganingda, balki o’zingni yaxshiroq his qilar eding.
When the forms could, might, should and would denote unreality they have no meaning of a past action. They are used with the indefinite infinitive when we speak of present or future,' and with the perfect infinitive when we speak about the past.
1) The present tense
e.g. 1. He could help you (now) if he wanted to.
2. If i were you, I might attend the classes.
3. I would not stay now if you asked me.
2) The past tense
e.g. 1. He could have helped you (then) if he had wanted to.
2. You might have remembered your child’s birthday (yesterday).
3. You should have seen a dentist about that tooth before it got really bad.
4. I would not have stayed there if they had asked me.
IV. The modal verbs must and need have only one form of the indicative mood.
They are used with the indefinite infinitive when we speak of the present or the future and with the perfect infinitive when we speak about the past.
e.g. 1. You need not wait for me today if you have something to do at home (now)- Agar uyda qiladigan biror yumushing bo’lsa, meni kutishga majbur emassan.
2. You needn’t have waited, if you had something to do at home (then) – Agar uyda biror yumushing bo’lganida, meni kutishga majbur emas eding.
V. The modal verb ‘ought’ to has only one form. The form of the infinitive after the modal verb ought to shows whether we are speaking of the present, future or of the past.
e.g. You ought to take a taxi if you are in rush (now)
You ought to have taken a taxi if you were in rush (then)
VI. Most modal verbs have three sets of meanings: the primary, the imperative, the suppositional.
e.g. The students must come to the University every day if they want to pass the exam.
You must come and have tea with us if you want to sign that agreement paper.
They must be having a dictation now if they have mid-term today.
VII. Modal verbs are always used with the infinitive.
The modal verb ‘can’ has two tense forms of the indicative mood: the present tense can and the past tense could The expression ‘to be able to’ which has the same meaning can be used to supply the missing forms of the verb can.
e.g. I’ll able to give ‘Get in Touch’ to you tomorrow if I finish reading it today.
‘Can’ and ‘could’ express mental or physical ability and a polite request, while ‘to be able to’ mostly expresses the condition of people to do smth in Uzbek and English languages.
1) I recovered and was able to go to school.
2) I can speak both English and German if I see foreigners as I learnt both of them.-Men ikkala tilni ham o’rganganligim bois ingliz va nemis tillarida chet elliklar bilan uchrashib qolsak, bemalol suhbat qura olaman.