Syllabus T. Y. B. A. Paper : IV advanced economic theory with effect from academic year 2010-11 in idol


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T.Y.B.A. Economics Paper - IV - Advanced Economic Theory (Eng)

3.4 SUMMARY 
1. 
Perfect competition is a market situation where the forces of 
demand and supply operate freely without the influence of any 
external factors and the commodity is sold at a uniform price. It 
implies complete absence of monopoly. 
2. Dr. Alfred Marshall introduced the element of time in price 
determination in a perfectly competitive market. He has described 
four time periods. 
i)Market period (very short period) 
ii) Short period 
iii) Long period 
iv) Very long Period (secular period) 
3. The price determined by the interaction of demand and supply 
is called the equilibrium price. Literally, equilibrium means 
balance. Thus, equilibrium price is a state from which there is not 
tendency to move. At equilibrium price quantity demanded is 
equal to the quantity supplied and it is at this price that the buyers 
as well as sellers are satisfied. 
3.5 QUESTIONS 
1
. Explain the features of perfect competition. 


2. Explain the importance of time element in determining price in
perfect competition. 
3. Discuss the four time periods described by Alfred Marshall. 
4. Explain how price is determine in a perfectly competitive 
market.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



 
 
 
THEORY OF FACTOR PRICING UNDER 
MONOPOLY
 
 
Unit structure 
 
4.0 
Objectives 
4.1 Introduction 
4.2 Types of Monopoly 
4.3 Price determination under Monopoly 
4.4 Role of time element in price determination 
4.5 Economic rent 
4.6 Collective bargaining 
4.7 Price and output under Bilateral Monopoly 
4.8 Loanable Fund Theory 
4.9 Risk bearing and profits 
4.10 Uncertainty bearing and profit 
4.11 Summary 
4.12 Questions 

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