Synthesis of lscf by Sol-gel method

Synthesis of LSCF by Co-precipitation Method.
The LSCF perovskite oxide was synthesized by co-precipitation method as reported by Thoriyah and Fansuri (2010)18. Two synthesis procedures were performed in this method, i.e. with and without aging treatment after addition of precipitating agent (NaOH). For co-precipitation method without aging treatment, the synthesis process was started by dissolving the stoichiometric amount of La2O3 into 5 mL HNO3 1.0 M, Sr(NO3)2 into 5 mL aqua DM, Co(NO3)2·6H2O into 5 mL aqua DM and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O into 10 mL aqua DM. Each reactant was then mixed consecutively and stirred for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes of stirring, the NaOH 2 M was added drop by drop excessively until the pH reached 6-7 under stirring. The stirring was continued for 1 hour. The resulted precipitate (precursor) was filtered and washed using methanol. The obtained precursor was then heated at 105 °C for 24 hours. The dried precursor was then calcined at 750 °C for 5 hours. The resulted precursor from this method was analyzed using XRD and SEM. Calcination temperature was determined from the Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of the precursor. The synthesis of LSCF by co-precipitation method with aging treatment is performed with similar reactants, amount of reactants and steps just like in co-precipitation method without aging treatment. However, in this method, the mixture of the reactant was aged for 35 hours after the addition of NaOH solution. The resulted precursor from this method was analyzed using XRD, SEM and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA).
Birgalikda cho'ktirish usuli bilan LSCF sintezi.
LSCF perovskit oksidi Thoriyah va Fansuri (2010)18 tomonidan xabar qilinganidek, birgalikda cho'ktirish usuli bilan sintez qilingan. Ushbu usulda ikkita sintez jarayoni amalga oshirildi, ya'ni cho'ktiruvchi vosita (NaOH) qo'shilgandan keyin qarish bilan va qarishsiz. Qarish bilan davolashsiz birgalikda cho'ktirish usuli uchun sintez jarayoni La2O3 ning stexiometrik miqdorini 5 ml HNO3 1,0 M, Sr(NO3)2 ni 5 mL aqua DM, Co(NO3)2•6H2O ni 5 ml akvaga eritish orqali boshlandi. DM va Fe(NO3)3•9H2O 10 ml suvli DMga. Keyin har bir reaktiv ketma-ket aralashtiriladi va 30 daqiqa davomida aralashtiriladi. 30 daqiqa aralashtirilgandan so'ng, NaOH 2 M, aralashtirishda pH 6-7 ga yetguncha tomchilab qo'shildi. Aralashtirish 1 soat davom ettirildi. Olingan cho'kma (prekursor) filtrlanadi va metanol yordamida yuviladi. Keyin olingan prekursor 24 soat davomida 105 ° C da isitiladi. Keyin quritilgan prekursor 750 ° C da 5 soat davomida kaltsiylangan. Ushbu usuldan olingan prekursor XRD va SEM yordamida tahlil qilindi. Kalsinlanish harorati prekursorning Termogravimetrik (TG) tahlilidan aniqlandi. Qarish bilan davolash bilan birgalikda cho'ktirish usulida LSCF sintezi xuddi shunday reaktivlar, reaktivlar miqdori va bosqichlari bilan, xuddi qarish bilan ishlov berishsiz birgalikda cho'ktirish usulida bo'lgani kabi amalga oshiriladi. Biroq, bu usulda, reaksiyaga kirishuvchining aralashmasi NaOH eritmasi qo'shilgandan keyin 35 soat davomida qariydi. Ushbu usuldan olingan prekursor XRD, SEM va Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) yordamida tahlil qilindi.