Table of contents • Introduction • Natural Resources and National Wealth • Human Capital and National Wealth • Infrastructure and National Wealth • International Trade and National Wealth • Conclusion Introduction

Infrastructure and National Wealth
Infrastructure is one of the key factors that determines a nation's wealth. Having robust transportation infrastructure is crucial for economic growth. A well-connected transportation network reduces transportation costs and increases the speed of transporting goods, which ultimately leads to economic growth. On the other hand, developing nations often struggle to build and maintain their transportation infrastructure due to a shortage of funds. Access to clean water and sanitation is another crucial component of infrastructure. Without these, communities suffer from waterborne diseases, leading to reduced productivity and economic loss. Developing nations face these challenges frequently, which not only impacts their economic growth but also the quality of life of their citizens. Digital infrastructure and connectivity are rapidly growing components of infrastructure. With the world becoming increasingly digital, a nation's digital connectivity and infrastructure provide a competitive edge in attracting businesses and investment. It also promotes innovation and aids in the delivery of essential services to citizens. However, developing nations struggle to provide digital infrastructure and connectivity due to a lack of resources and expertise. For these nations, closing the digital gap with the rest of the world is a significant challenge. In conclusion, infrastructure plays a critical role in determining a nation's wealth. Transportation infrastructure, access to clean water and sanitation, and digital infrastructure and connectivity all have a significant impact on a nation's economic growth and development. While infrastructure challenges hinder developing nations' progress, addressing these issues can unlock significant growth potential for these nations.
International Trade and National Wealth
International trade plays a crucial role in the growth of a nation's wealth. With globalization, countries are now more interconnected and open for business than ever. International trade opens up opportunities for exporting locally produced goods, and importing items that the nation may not have in abundance. This promotes economic growth, job creation, and a higher standard of living. However, protectionism can have severe consequences on national wealth. The imposition of tariffs, trade barriers or quotas will limit trade and increase prices of goods. This may lead to retaliation by other nations and the reduction of overall economic activity. Bilateral and multilateral trade agreements aim to remove barriers and boost trade by creating a harmonized set of policies between countries. One historical example of international trade contributing to national wealth is the Japanese miracle. After World War II, Japan pursued a policy of export-oriented industrialization which helped the country become one of the world's leading economic powers by the 1980s. Proper regulation and fair trade practices can promote the growth of national wealth via international trade.