3.15.6 Carbon emissions (Part 3F of Schedule 1 of the Customs and Excise Act)
A carbon tax on greenhouse gas emissions generated domestically was implemented with
effect from 1 June 2019 in terms of the Carbon Tax Act 15 of 2019.
The carbon tax is administered as an environmental levy under the Customs and Excise Act.
The policy objective is to influence industry practices and consumer choices in support of
South Africa’s international commitments to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions in terms of
the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Carbon taxpayers who conduct taxable activities that result in greenhouse gas emissions must
licence the combination of those emissions facilities over which they have operational control
as their manufacturing warehouses for environmental levy purposes.
Licensees must submit their annual carbon tax accounts and payments in July of the year
following the annual tax periods. The rate on 1 June 2019 was R120 per tonne of carbon
dioxide equivalent. The rate increased to R127 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent from
1 January 2020 and to R134 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent from 1 January 2021.
A separate carbon fuel levy in terms of the Customs and Excise Act was implemented with
effect from 5 June 2019. The carbon fuel levy and general fuel levy have since formed the two
constituent components of the fuel levy. See details below in section 3.16 on the fuel levy.
3.16
Fuel levy and Road Accident Fund levy (Parts 5A and 5B of Schedule 1
to the Customs and Excise Act)
These levies are imposed on distillate fuel (diesel), aviation kerosene, illuminating kerosene,
petrol and hydrocarbon solvents manufactured in or imported into South Africa.
The following are some of the fuel levy products and their respective levy rates with effect from
1 April 2020:
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