Technology of working with clay and porcelain paste

TECHNOLOGY OF WORKING WITH CLAY AND PORCELAIN PASTE
Musurmonova Mukhlisa,
Yarashova Sevinch
Requirements of Termiz State Pedagogical Institute
Abstract: This article provides interesting and scientific information about the technology of working with porcelain paste and clay.
Key words: T scheme, problem-based learning, cluster, dialogical approach, porcelain dough, clay, manufacturing technique.
According to the history of the origin of polymer clay or porcelain dough, it was invented in Argentina, from which wonderful flowers and shapes are created, and today it allows to create unique products from this material. Visually, it looks like porcelain, the product made of it hardens in air. Children can also make gifts made of this material. It is safe for health, cheap in value, soft, pleasant to work with, and things made from it are kept for a long time. Fantasy is also an excellent curiosity that serves to develop taste.
Properly prepared porcelain dough, according to its properties, will be soft, flexible, well leveled and able to enter the desired shape. The fact that in-depth special knowledge and skills are not necessary for working with this material, it is the same term for children of preschool age.
There are different ways to prepare this clay.
Method 1:
 3 tablespoons of PVA glue;
 2 tablespoons of pistachio oil;
 1 tablespoon of glycerin;
 4 tablespoons of corn starch;
 3/1 teaspoon of citric acid.
Preparation:
All ingredients are mixed, processed, the dough is ready. The dough is turned over on a greased table and processed. As many different colors are needed, it is divided into as many parts and the required color is painted with gouache (only gouache is used for painting). The dough is placed in a greased polyethylene bag at room temperature for 3 hours and left to rest. Ready-to-use dough is made in the same way as clay products. Dough can be stored for up to 4 weeks.
Method 2:
- 200 grams of corn starch.
- 200 grams of PVA glue.
- 2 tablespoons of pistachio oil.
- 1 tablespoon of glycerin.
- 3/1 teaspoon of citric acid.
Preparation:
All ingredients are mixed. It is placed in a steam bath. In 7-10 minutes, the mixture will be poured and the dough will be ready.
The dough is turned over on a greased table and processed. As many different colors are needed, it is divided into as many parts and gouache of the desired color is applied (only gouache is used for painting). The dough is placed in a greased polyethylene bag at room temperature for 3 hours and left to rest. Ready-to-use dough is made in the same way as clay products. Dough can be stored for up to 2 weeks.
All work done with plasticine, clay or polymer porcelain dough is done in the lake. Working with plastic materials is considered a type of visual art, and it means making a whole composition from voluminous or relief images.
Modeling techniques are diverse and colorful, and at the same time even young children have the opportunity to do it. Making objects from plastic materials gives great opportunities in modeling spatial images.
Methods of making clay toys from plasticine It is important to have a well-furnished workplace in the organization and conduct of clay and plasticine classes. Making things from plasticine and clay should be started after it has been thoroughly crushed. Wax is used to make things other than plasticine and clay. There are natural and artificial (derived from petroleum) types of wax. Wax is very expensive and small things are made from it. It is convenient to work with wax, it does not dry out, does not require moistening with water, does not crack, and things made of it are kept for a long time. Colored wax sticks of light to dark colors are sold in stores for work training.
Methods needed for working with clay and plasticine.
1. Roundness is the process of making a ball out of a piece of clay, giving it the shape of a cherry or an apple.
2. A ball is made from a piece of clay with circular movements in the palm.
3. Make a ball, then turn it into an egg, column, etc. with longitudinal movements.
4. Flattening - flat bread is made from the ball, the position of the slave is constantly changing.
5. Scratching - a part of the ball is scratched.
6. Pushing (patching) joining some parts of the product together.
It is important that the workplace is well-furnished when organizing and holding classes on working with clay and plasticine. Making things from plasticine and clay should be started after it has been thoroughly crushed. Wax is used to make things other than plasticine and clay. There are natural and artificial (derived from petroleum) types of wax. Wax is very expensive and small things are made from it. It is convenient to work with wax, it does not dry out, does not require moistening with water, does not crack, and things made of it are kept for a long time.