Textual contrastive analysis
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ContraLing - Week 9 - Worksheet - 0223
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- M.A.K. HALLIDAY
GIVEN-NEW THEME-RHEME TOPIC-COMMENT PRAGUE SCHOOL LINGUISTS Part of the Communicative Dynamism Theme can be defined in three different ways: - What is ‘known’ - The starting point/ initial element of a clause - The item with the lowest degree of communicative dynamism in the clause. ‘Mathesius felt that the two parts of the semantic structuring of the sentence were “what is being spoken about” (the basis, foundation) and “what is being said about it” (the ‘core’; […]), that is, Topic and Comment’ (LaPolla 2019) M.A.K. HALLIDAY Part of the structure of focus and pragmatic presupposition: “What is focal is ‘new’ information; not in the sense that it cannot have been previously mentioned, although it is often the case that it has not been, but in the sense that the speaker presents it as not being recoverable from the preceding discourse. […] If we use the – admittedly rather inappropriate – term ‘given’ to label what is not ‘new’, we can say that the system of information focus assigns to the information unit a structure in terms of the two functions ‘given’ and ‘new.’” (Halliday 1967, p. 204) • ‘The Theme is the element which serves as the point of departure of the message; it is that which locates and orients the clause within its context. […] As a message structure, therefore, a clause consists of a Theme accompanied by a Rheme; and the structure is expressed by the order — whatever is chosen as the Theme is put first’ (Halliday and Matthiessen 2004, p. 64) • There are three types of theme: textual, interpersonal, and topical themes • Read more about each type of theme as well as markedness at https://www.alvinleong.info/ sfg/sfgtheme.html ‘Some grammarians have used the terms Topic and Comment instead of Theme and Rheme. But the Topic — Comment terminology carries rather different connotations. The label ‘Topic’ usually refers to only one Download 250.17 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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