The 3 Biggest Future Trends (And Challenges) In The Energy Sector

The 3 Biggest Future Trends (And Challenges) In The Energy Sector
When you think about it, the term "fossil fuels" is particularly apt because our traditional ways of generating energy were designed for the world of the past. In some parts of the world, our reliance on these fossil fuels has gone on far longer than it should have. This is why I consider transforming the energy sector to be one of the most important challenges we face today. In this article, I outline three major trends that promise to overhaul how we produce energy.

Trend 1: Decarbonization
This trend refers to the transition towards a clean, carbon-free world, largely by increasing our use of renewables and increasing premiums on the use of fossil fuels.
Electrification is often touted as a significant way to decarbonize energy (switching to electric cars, for example). Unfortunately, for the moment, fossil fuels still make up a huge percentage of electricity generation in many countries – including the US, where fossil fuels are responsible for 60.3 percent of electricity generation. For electricity to become emissions-free, we must move further towards renewable energy solutions such as wind, solar, and biofuels. This alone could eliminate as many as 7 million deaths a year from air pollution and slow (or reverse) the effects of global warming.
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Of course, renewable energy solutions have their challenges – not least the fact that we need energy 24 hours a day, yet we don't have sun and wind 24 hours a day. We, therefore, need greater investment in energy storage projects so that we can store the energy created through renewable sources.
We also need other clean energy alternatives that can provide a reliable supply of electricity when supply from renewable sources dips. For now, that means nuclear power. I understand that nuclear makes people nervous, but the technology is one of the safest and cleanest ways of producing energy. In fact, nuclear energy results in 99.7 percent fewer deaths than coal and 97.5 percent fewer than gas (although I must say that the safety record for wind and solar is even more impressive).
Looking further ahead, we may see other clean energy alternatives come to fruition. For example, the European Commission has a strategy to develop green hydrogen for use from 2030–2050. Other exciting energy alternatives include magma power, which involves using heated steam produced by magma deep within the earth to generate electricity. If that sounds far-fetched, Iceland already has a magma-enhanced geothermal system to generate electricity.
Trend 2: Decentralization

In a nutshell, this trend is all about transitioning away from our current system of highly centralized energy grids run by monopolistic energy providers, towards distributed energy production systems. In other words, thanks to a combination of renewable energy and localized “microgrids,” consumers can generate their own electricity for their own needs.

If you have rooftop solar panels, you’ll already be familiar with this idea. But, importantly, decentralized energy schemes can scale up much bigger than that, serving anything from a single building to an entire housing scheme, or even a whole city. This is exciting because it means individual consumers, organizations, and local authorities can take charge of their own energy portfolio.

A good example comes from Glasgow, in Scotland, where there is a small but growing amount of local energy generation from local generators in and around the city. The city is also encouraging housing developers to not only look at their own localized energy production on new developments, but also create shared energy resources with neighboring developments.