The independence of Uzbekistan. After 1991 year uzbekistan

" The independence of Uzbekistan. After 1991 year UZBEKISTAN UZBEKISTAN."

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  1The independence of Uzbekistan
  

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  2 After 1991 year UZBEKISTAN UZBEKISTAN
  

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  3 Government Government Type: Republic. Type: Republic. Independence: September 1, Independence: September 1, Constitution: December 8, Constitution: December 8, Branches: Executive--president, prime minister, cabinet. Legislative-- bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis consists of an Upper House or Senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils to serve 5-year terms and 16 are appointed by the president) and a Lower House or Legislative Chamber (150 seats; elected by popular vote to serve 5-year terms). Judiciary-- Supreme Court, constitutional court, economic court. Branches: Executive--president, prime minister, cabinet. Legislative-- bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis consists of an Upper House or Senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils to serve 5-year terms and 16 are appointed by the president) and a Lower House or Legislative Chamber (150 seats; elected by popular vote to serve 5-year terms). Judiciary-- Supreme Court, constitutional court, economic court. Administrative subdivisions (viloyatlar): 12, plus Republic of Karakalpakstan and city of Tashkent. Administrative subdivisions (viloyatlar): 12, plus Republic of Karakalpakstan and city of Tashkent.
  

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  4 The independence of Uzbekistan Political parties and leaders: Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party--established February 18, 1995 in Tashkent, number of seats in the Legislative Chamber of the parliament 18, Ismail Saifnazarov, first secretary; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly Tiklanish Democratic Partiya) or MTP--established on June 3, 1995 in Tashkent, and merged with the National Democratic Party "Fidokorlar" ("Selfless men") on June 20, 2008, number of seats in the Legislative Chamber of the parliament 31, Ulugbek Muhammadiev, chairman; People's Democratic Party or PDPU (Uzbekiston Halq Democratic Partiya, formerly Communist Party)-- established November 1, 1991 in Tashkent, number of seats in the Legislative Chamber of the parliament 32, Ulugbek Vafoev, first secretary; Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan--established December 3, 2003, number of seats in the Legislative Chamber of the parliament 52, Muhammadyusuf Mutalibjanovich Teshaboev Bahtiyor Yakubov, chairman; Ecological (Green) Movement-- established 2009 in Tashkent (15 seats, as reserved according to the constitution.) Other political or pressure groups and leaders: Birlik (Unity) Movement--Abdurakhim PULATOV, chairman; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party--Mohammed SOLIH,
  

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  Economy (Note: Government of Uzbekistan statistics are not consistently reliable. This report relies on unofficial estimates and states clearly when a figure is an estimate. Estimates by international financial institutions also use Government of Uzbekistan statistics.) GDP: 2009 real GDP growth was 8.1%, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) based on Government of Uzbekistan statistics. Actual GDP growth was likely lower. Inflation: The IMF estimated that consumer price inflation reached 14.1% in 2009, though actual inflation was likely higher, between 18%-21%. Per capita GDP: Estimated per capita GDP in 2009 was $1,121; GDP per capita on a purchasing power parity basis was $2,800. Natural resources: Natural gas, petroleum, gold, coal, uranium, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, molybdenum. Natural gas production in 2009 was 61.4 billion cubic meters (bcm); oil production was 4.4 million tons. Agriculture: Products--cotton, fourth-largest producer worldwide; vegetables, fruits, grain, livestock. Industry: Types--textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, automobiles, chemical. The industrial production growth rate was estimated at 23.6% in 2009; electricity production was 50.1 billion kilowatt hours. Budget (2009 estimates): Revenues--$12.1 billion (IMF Regional Economic Outlook, May 2010); expenditure and net lending--$11.2 billion. Trade: Exports (2009)--largest contribution from natural gas, ferrous metals, cotton fiber, food products, automobiles. Major trade partners (2009)--Russia 21%, China 9.7%, Switzerland 7.9%, Ukraine 7.2%, Kazakhstan 6.2%. Imports (2009)--largest imports were machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs. Primary export partner (2009 est.)--CIS 34%. Primary import partner (2009 est.)--CIS 44%. External debt (total gross, 2009 est.): $4.33 billion