The invisible man

The tοpicality οf the wοrk is to present racism, segregation, and its effect on individuals' identities. Also, it touches on the aspects of Black identity through the analysis of Ellison’s The Invisible Man. To achieve full depth in the analysis we use the Marxist theory.
This wοrk aims at:

• 
  It further explores the aspects of Black Identity in Ralph Ellison’s The Invisible Man.
  
• 
  It examines the issue of racism and segregation, and its effect on Black Americans
  

The tasks of the course work are to answer the following questions:

• 
  what are the aspects of Black identity and Racism throughout Ralph Ellison's The Invisible Man?
  
• 
  How do segregation and racism affect the individual identity of the oppressed people, throughout the novel?
  
• 
  How is the protagonist's identity established and maintained?
  

The subject matter οf cοurse wοrk is “Black community in Ralph Ellison's novel "Invisible Man "
The methοds οf cοurse wοrk. Comparative, historical, observational methods were used. This work will be based qualitative method data collected from the library and the Internet. It employs two sources of data, primary data Ralph Ellison’s novel The Invisible Man and secondary sources of data (journals, textbooks, dissertations, and Websites). We will use a Marxist approach. descriptive analytical corps based.
The structure οf the research. It cοnsists οf the fοllοwing parts: Intrοductiοn, Main part: fοur plans, Cοnclusiοn and the list οf used literature.
CHAPTER I. ASPECTS OF BLACK IDENTITY IN RALPH ELLISON'S “THE INVISIBLE MAN”

1. 
   A Brief Biography of Ralph Ellison
   

Ralph Ellison, in full Ralph Waldo Ellison, (born March 1, 1914, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.—died April 16, 1994, New York, New York), American writer who won eminence with his first novel (and the only one published during his lifetime), Invisible Man (1952).
Ellison left Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (now Tuskegee University) in 1936 after three years’ study of music and moved to New York City. There he befriended Richard Wright, who encouraged Ellison to try his hand at writing. In 1937 Ellison began contributing short stories, reviews, and essays to various periodicals. He worked on the Federal Writers’ Project from 1938 to 1942, which he followed with a stint as the managing editor of The Negro Quarterly for just under a year.
Ellison applied twice for admission to Tuskegee Institute, the prestigious all-black university in Alabama founded by Booker T. Washington. He was finally admitted in 1933 for lack of a trumpet player in its orchestra. Ellison hopped freight trains to get to Alabama, and was soon to find out that the institution was no less class-conscious than white institutions generally were.
Ellison's outsider position at Tuskegee "sharpened his satirical lens," critic Hilton Als believes: "Standing apart from the university's air of sanctimonious Negritude enabled him to write about it." In passages of Invisible Man, "he looks back with scorn and despair on the snivelling ethos that ruled at Tuskegee."
Tuskegee's music department was perhaps the most renowned department at the school, headed by composer William L. Dawson. Ellison also was guided by the department's piano instructor, Hazel Harrison. While he studied music primarily in his classes, he spent his free time in the library with modernist classics. He cited reading T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land as a major awakening moment. In 1934, he began to work as a desk clerk at the university library, where he read James Joyce and Gertrude Stein. Librarian Walter Bowie Williams enthusiastically let Ellison share in his knowledge.
A major influence upon Ellison was English teacher Morteza Drezel Sprague, to whom Ellison later dedicated his essay collection Shadow and Act. He opened Ellison's eyes to "the possibilities of literature as a living art" and to "the glamour he would always associate with the literary life." Through Sprague, Ellison became familiar with Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment and Thomas Hardy's Jude the Obscure, identifying with the "brilliant, tortured anti-heroes" of those works.
As a child, Ellison evidenced what would become a lifelong interest in audio technology, starting by taking apart and rebuilding radios, and later moving on to constructing and customizing elaborate hi-fi stereo systems as an adult. He discussed this passion in a December 1955 essay, "Living With Music," in High Fidelity magazine. Ellison scholar John S. Wright contends that this deftness with the ins-and-outs of electronic devices went on to inform Ellison's approach to writing and the novel form. Ellison remained at Tuskegee until 1936, and decided to leave before completing the requirements for a degree
Following service in World War II, he produced Invisible Man, which won the 1953 National Book Award for fiction. The story is a bildungsroman that tells of a naive and idealistic (and, significantly, nameless) Southern Black youth who goes to Harlem, joins the fight against white oppression, and ends up ignored by his fellow Blacks as well as by whites. The novel won praise for its stylistic innovations in infusing classic literary motifs with modern Black speech and culture, while providing a thoroughly unique take on the construction of contemporary African American identity. However, Ellison’s treatment of his novel as first and foremost a work of art—as opposed to a primarily polemical work—led to some complaints from his fellow Black novelists at the time that he was not sufficiently devoted to social change.
Invisible Man won the 1953 US National Book Award for Fiction.
The award was his ticket into the American literary establishment. He eventually was admitted to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, received two President's Medals (from Lyndon Johnson and Ronald Reagan) and a State Medal from France. He was the first African-American admitted to the Century Association and was awarded an honorary Doctorate from Harvard University. Disillusioned by his experience with the Communist Party, he used his new fame to speak out for literature as a moral instrument.: 70–72 In 1955 he traveled to Europe, visiting and lecturing, settling for a time in Rome, where he wrote an essay that appeared in a 1957 Bantam anthology called A New Southern Harvest. Robert Penn Warren was in Rome during the same period, and the two writers became close friends. Later, Warren would interview Ellison about his thoughts on race, history, and the Civil Rights Movement for his book Who Speaks for the Negro? In 1958, Ellison returned to the United States to take a position teaching American and Russian literature at Bard College and to begin a second novel, Juneteenth. During the 1950s, he corresponded with his lifelong friend, the writer Albert Murray. In their letters they commented on the development of their careers, the Civil Rights Movement, and other common interests including jazz. Much of this material was published in the collection Trading Twelves (2000).
Writing essays about both the black experience and his love for jazz music, Ellison continued to receive major awards for his work. In 1969, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom; the following year, he was made a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by France and became a permanent member of the faculty at New York University as the Albert Schweitzer Professor of Humanities, serving from 1970 to 1980.
In 1975, Ellison was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and his hometown of Oklahoma City honored him with the dedication of the Ralph Waldo Ellison Library. Continuing to teach, Ellison published mostly essays, and in 1984, he received the New York City College's Langston Hughes Medal. In 1985, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. In 1986, his Going to the Territory was published; this is a collection of seventeen essays that included insight into southern novelist William Faulkner and Ellison's friend Richard Wright, as well as the music of Duke Ellington and the contributions of African Americans to America's national identity.
In 1992, Ellison was awarded a special achievement award from the Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards; his artistic achievements included work as a sculptor, musician, photographer, and college professor as well as his writing output. He taught at Bard College, Rutgers University, the University of Chicago, and New York University. Ellison was also a charter member of the Fellowship of Southern Writers.
After Invisible Man appeared, Ellison published only two collections of essays: Shadow and Act (1964) and Going to the Territory (1986). He lectured widely on Black culture, folklore, and creative writing and taught at various American colleges and universities. Flying Home, and Other Stories was published posthumously in 1996. He left a second novel unfinished at his death; it was published, in a much-shortened form, as Juneteenth in 1999. The Selected Letters of Ralph Ellison was released in 2019².