The main factors of punctuation (syntactic) development in english and uzbek languages jizzakh state pedagogical university Ganiyeva Khayriniso Email: Abstract

THE MAIN FACTORS OF PUNCTUATION (SYNTACTIC) DEVELOPMENT IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Jizzakh state pedagogical university
Ganiyeva Khayriniso
Email:
Abstract: The article discusses the differences between the punctuation systems of the English and Uzbek languages with examples. The place of scientific research on punctuation marks among the researchers conducted in the field of linguistics indicates that the means of achieving polished speech are being studied in depth today. Punctuation marks are an integral part of written speech. Without them, the text is difficult to understand and turns from an intonationally thought-out message into a stream of consciousness. Largely due to punctuation, the addressee and addressee remain in a single semantic space of the text. Incorrectly placed punctuation marks can not only be misleading, but also radically change the meaning of a sentence or even the entire text. Punctuation marks determine the intonation and a certain meaning of the sentence, while playing an important grammatical role.
Key words: punctuation, chapter, paragraph, denoting, denoting, character's name, syntactic, pictographic, ideographic, imperative sentences, predicative.


INTRODUCTION
If we look at the history of writing, we can observe the diversity of the signs. The formation of letters representing speech sounds consists of several stages. Looking at the history of writing, we can see that pictographic, ideographic and other writings were formed and developed based on each other. As a result of the research conducted by archaeologists, the following types of writing have been identified: pictographic (Greek pictus - drawing, grapho - writing), ideographic (Greek idea - concept and grapho - writing) and phonographic (Greek phone - sound, grapho - writing). The sound language of humans is related to the history of writing and written monuments in the last millennium. As the writing used to be in ancient times, it has now developed into a more advanced and convenient form.
It is known that the set of rules for the use of punctuation marks is an independent section in linguistics punctuation [lat. Pūnctum is written in the style of dot] and was called punctuation in ancient times. Also, punctuation formed the theory of the use of punctuation marks in written speech, organized the syntactic structure of speech according to certain rules, separated sentences and parts of sentences, and served to clearly express the difference between oral speech and written speech. The root of the term punctuation goes back to ancient Rome. However, there is no information about whether it was used in the period before that or whether Aristotle was aware of punctuation. Although the period of the first use of punctuation is associated with the Greek grammar school, it differs from the modern concept of punctuation, which was practiced during the ancient Greek and Roman grammar schools, in accordance with the requirements of the art of oratory, that is, in accordance with the pronunciation rules of speech, the use of dots at the end of the sentence and the beginning of the letter should be done.