The national anthem of the republic of uzbekistan

Машқ.351 Sifatdoshga e’tibor berib gaplarni tarjima qiling

1. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the performance had already begun. 6. Looking out of the window, he saw his mother watering the flowers. 7. Hearing the sounds of music we stopped talking8. She went into the room, leaving the door open.

Машқ.352. Quyidagi gaplarda sifatdoshni qo’llang.

1. All the people who live in this house are stu dents. 2. The woman who is speaking now is oui secretary. 3. The apparatus that stands on the table in the- corner of the laboratory is quite new. 4. The young man who helps the professor in his experiments studies at an evening school for la bo ratory workers. 5. People who take books from the library must return them in time. 6. There are rnany pupils in our class who take part in all kinds of extra-curricular activities.

Машқ.353. Quyidagi gaplarda sifatdoshni qo’llang.

1. As he now felt more at ease, the man spoke in a louder voice. 2. Since he knew who the man was, Robert was very pleased to have the chance of talking to him. 3. As he thought that it was his brother at the window, Steve decided to open it. 4. As the people were afraid of falling into a ditch in the darkness at any moment, they felt their way about very carefully. 5. Since he needed a shelter for the night, Peter decided to go to the neighbours' house.

Машқ.354. Quyidagi gaplarda sifatdoshni qo’llang. (when ni tushirmang).

1. When you speak English, pay attention to the order of words. 2. Be careful when you are crossing a street. 3. When you are leaving the room, don't forget to switch off the light. 4. When you begin to work with the dictionary, don't forget my instructions. 5. When they were travelling in Central Africa, the explorers met many wild animals. 6. When you are copying English texts, pay attention to the articles. 7. You must have much practice when you are learning to speak a foreign language.
LESSON 5 Vegetable



The word vegetable means an edible plant or part of a plant, but usually excludes seeds and most sweet fruit. This typically means the leaf, stem, or root of a plant.
In a non-biological sense, the meaning of this word is largely based on culinary and cultural tradition. Therefore, the application of the word is somewhat arbitrary and subjective. For example, some people consider mushrooms to be vegetables even though they are not biologically plants, while others consider them a separate food category.
Some vegetables can be consumed raw, some may be eaten cooked, and some must be cooked in order to be edible. Vegetables are most often cooked in savory or salty dishes. However, a few vegetables are often used in desserts and other sweet dishes, such as rhubarb pie and carrot cake. A number of processed food items available on the market contain vegetable ingredients and can be referred to as "vegetable derived" products. These products may or may not maintain the nutritional integrity of the vegetable used to produce them. Examples of vegetable-derived products are ketchup, tomato sauce, and vegetable oils.

New words and word combinations:

Exclude- istisno qilmoq, chiqarmaslik
Therefore- shuning uchun
Arbitrary and subjective- ihtiyoriy va sub’yektiv
mushrooms- qo’ziqorin
To be consumed- iste’mol qilinmoq
"vegetable derived" products- sabzavotdan kelib chiqqan mahsulotlar
To maintain – davom ettirmoq, o’z holicha saqlamoq
nutritional integrity- ozuqaviy butunlik (o’ziga xoslik)
ketchup- o’tkir tomatli sous
tomato sauce- pomidorli sous

• 
  Prefixes anti-, counter-, ant-
  

Prefix		Meaning	Examples
anti-	also ant-	opposing, against, the opposite	anti-aircraft, antibiotic, anticlimax, Antarctic
counter-		opposition, opposite direction	counter-attack, counteract

GRAMMAR: COMPLEX SENTENCES WITH CONJUNCTIONS if, that, because, when, before, as soon as, till, until, after

A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it. A dependent clause is similar to an independent clause, or complete sentence, but it lacks one of the elements that would make it a complete sentence. 
Examples of dependent clauses include the following:

• 
  because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon
  
• 
  while he waited at the train station
  
• 
  after they left on the bus
  

Dependent clauses such as those above cannot stand alone as a sentence, but they can be added to an independent clause to form a complex sentence.
Dependent clauses begin with subordinating conjunctions. Below are some of the most common subordinating conjunctions:
After, although, as, because, before, even though, if, since, though, unless, until, when, whenever, whereas, wherever, while
A complex sentence joins an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses.
The dependent clauses can go first in the sentence, followed by the independent clause, as in the following:
Tip: When the dependent clause comes first, a comma should be used to separate the two clauses.

1. 
   Because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon, I did not see them at the station.
   
2. 
   While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was late.
   
3. 
   After they left on the bus, Mary and Samantha realized that Joe was waiting at the train station.
   

Conversely, the independent clauses can go first in the sentence, followed by the dependent clause, as in the following:
Tip: When the independent clause comes first, a comma should not be used to separate the two clauses.

1. 
   I did not see them at the station because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before noon.
   
2. 
   Joe realized that the train was late while he waited at the train station.
   
3. 
   Mary and Samantha realized that Joe was waiting at the train station after they left on the bus.
   

Complex sentences are often more effective than compound sentences because a complex sentence indicates clearer and more specific relationships between the main parts of the sentence. The word "before," for instance, tells readers that one thing occurs before another. A word such as "although" conveys a more complex relationship than a word such as "and" conveys.
The term periodic sentence is used to refer to a complex sentence beginning with a dependent clause and ending with an independent clause, as in "While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was late."

Periodic sentences can be especially effective because the completed thought occurs at the end of it, so the first part of the sentence can build up to the meaning that comes at the end.