The role of science and innovation in the modern world 2023 London, United Kingdom
THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
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THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
2023 London, United Kingdom 79 beams of films, designed for vacuum deposition of thin films of metal, semiconductor materials and dielectrics by electron beam evaporation. The setup allows simultaneous deposition of the same metal, semiconductor, and dielectric films on the substrate surface in the desired sequence, controlling the substrate temperature and film thickness [8]. Refractory spirals, crucibles and boats are made of tungsten, tantalum or molybdenum. In order to obtain high-quality metal films with good adhesion, metal sputtering was carried out on silicon at a substrate temperature of 200-400 o C. Research on the formation of contacts (conducted on the basis of metals Ni, Al, Cu, Cr, Ti, as mentioned above) gave the following results. The structure of contacts is as follows, Al-Ti-Ni for r-type, Ti-Ni for n-type. X is correct. Single-layer nickel contacts have proven themselves well [9]. Ti's ability to form a strong bond with SiO 2 allows it to be recommended for adhesive bonding with crystals. Titanium deposited on Si surface adheres well and interacts with silicon dioxide: Ti+SiO2=TiO 2 +Si. The resulting titanium dioxide has good conductivity compared to SiO 2 , as a result of which we have silicon with a low contact resistance of 2 * 10 -5 Ohm * cm and an alloying concentration of 10 20 cm -3 . . Due to the rapid oxidation of Ti in air and the property of tinning in a vacuum chamber, a layer of Ni is sprayed on Ti, which protects Ti from oxidation. During cleaning, the vacuum in the chamber should not be less than 10 -6 torr. The surface of the pallets is thoroughly cleaned before laying the film [10]. It is recommended to spray the contacts through the stencil. Templates are independently made of metal foils with a thickness of 100-200 μm. Chemical deposition of nickel was also investigated to create ohmic contacts. To improve nickel adhesion, the plates were polished in M-9 micropowder before nickel plating and treated in a hydrofluoric acid solution (HF:H 2 O 1:1 ratio) to remove the oxide . Electrolyte for nickel plating is prepared according to the following recipe for 100 ml of solution [11]: nickel chloride (NiCl 2 ) -2,1 г |
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