The social criticism in george orwell'S 1984

2.3.1 Fascism 
Fascist was a direct product of Word War I. It was fresher and more 
original. Italian fascism, first founded in 1919, but neither a fascist party, nor a 
fascist doctrine existed as such before 1919. Italian fascism was followed by 
imitations and parallel or somewhat analogous movements in many other 
European countries. Before Word War II as the fascist era in Europe of the 1930s. 
In italianfascio means 
"
bundle" or "union" cannot tell us a great deal. Some of the 
most common informal definitions of the term seem to be "violent," "brutal," and 
"dictatorial ," but if those were the primary points of reference communist regimes 
would probably have to be categorized as the most fascist ( G. Payne, 1992 ) 
Romke (1992: 5-22) said that most historians of facist ideology have dealth 
with the cult of the Romantià as being merely rhetorical and symbolic value of 
fascism now. It referenced to propaganda concerning the Italian of the 1930s. 

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2.3.2 
Totalitarian 
"Total" or "totalitarian‖ is the goals and methods of these governments were 
so extreme that they were often described. The totalitarian is brutality and 
oppression. The primary use of brutality and oppression were to radically change 
human behaviour, to transform normal human beings with their selfish concerns 
into willing servants of their rulers.
Totalitarian regimes have many structural characteristics in common.
Richard Pipes gives a standard inventory: "An official all-embracing ideology; a 
single party of the elect headed by a 'leader' and dominating the state; police 
terror; the ruling party's control of the means of communication and the armed 
forces; central command of the economy." (1994: 245). The Soviet Union and 
Nazi Germany are the two most-studied totalitarian regimes. By modern 
calculations, the Soviets killed approximately twenty million civilians, the Nazis 
twenty five million (Courtois et al 1999: 4-5, 14-15; Payne 1995).
The best thing one can say about totalitarian regimes is that the main ones 
did not last very long. The Soviet Union greatly reduced its level of internal 
killing after the death of Stalin, and the Communist Party fell from power in 1991.
After Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping allowed the Chinese to resume 
relatively normal lives, and began moving in the direction of a market economy.
Hitler's Thousand-Year Reich lasted less than thirteen years, before it ended with 
military defeat in World War II (Caplan, The Totalitarian Threat, 2006).
In Zlatko and Jasminka(2015), they use the political concept in 
totalitarian.The totalitarian system of Government is usually made as socialist 

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ideology. While the ideological concept of closely related to politics. so 
totalitarian socialistideology as the three sets of political orientations labeled (1) 
state economic interventionism, (2) egalitarianismand working-class ruling, and 
(3) political totalitarianism.The first hypothesis was that the social, economic, 
andpolitical sub-dimensions of socialist ideology, defined in the three political 
orientations, would be insuchrelations that on a higher level they would form an 
internally coherent model of a totalitarian socialist ideology. That was supposed 
that the individuals will tend to gravitate toclusters of political attitudes (Alford, 
Funk & Hibbing,2005; Feldman and Johnston, 2014; Jost, Glaser, Kruglansky & 
Sulloway, 2003) and that ideology is consisted ofan interrelated network of 
beliefs, opinions, and values (Fiske, Lau & Smith, 1990; Jost et al., 2003).