Theme 1: theoretical background of roman-germanic languages subject: the history of the english language


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THEME 1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF ROMAN-GERMANIC LANGUAGES

 “The History of English language” – deals with the problem of working out common features of the Germanic group of languages related to each other by the links of common origin. We‘ll speak about the modern status of each member of the Germanic group of languages in the modern world.

  •  “The History of English language” – deals with the problem of working out common features of the Germanic group of languages related to each other by the links of common origin. We‘ll speak about the modern status of each member of the Germanic group of languages in the modern world.
  • These are the following aspects: structural, functional, historical, typological, quantitative, geographical, genetical, sociolinguistic, psychological and others.

Germanic languages

  • The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa. The most widely spoken Germanic language, English, is also the world's most widely spoken language with an estimated 2 billion speakers. All Germanic languages are derived from Proto-Germanic, spoken in Iron Age Scandinavia.

The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent. Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, and Spanish, have expanded through colonialism in the modern period and are now spoken across several continents. 

The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent. Some European languages of this family, English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Dutch, and Spanish, have expanded through colonialism in the modern period and are now spoken across several continents. 

Glossary

  • Glossary
  •  1. Broca’s aphasia. An aphasia characterized by difficulty in articulation, fluency, gram mar, and the comprehension of complex sentences. 
  • 2. Broca’s area. A region in the lower part of the left frontal lobe that has been associated with speech production, the analysis of complex sentences, and verbal short -temi memory 
  • 3. Canonical root. A root that has a standard sound pattern lor simple words in the language, a part-of-speech category, and a meaning arbitrarily related to its sound.
  •  4. Family resemblance category. A category whose members have no single trait in common, but in which subsets of members share traits, as in a family. Examples in¬clude tools, furniture, and game-..
  • 5. FMRI. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. A form of MRI that depicts the metabolic activity in different parts of the brain, not just the brain‘s anatomy 
  • 6. Generative linguistics. The school of linguistics associated with Noam Chomsk) that attempts to discover the rules and principles that govern the form and meaning of words and sentences in a particular language and in human languages in general
  •  7. Generative phonology. The branch of generative grammar that studies the sound pattern of languages

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