Theme: mineral bending materials plan: aerial connectors gypsum binders

THEME: MINERAL BENDING MATERIALS PLAN: 1. AERIAL CONNECTORS 2. GYPSUM BINDERS

Plaster (yun. gypsos-chalk, lime) 1) natural gypsum—mineral; aqueous calcium sulfate salt CaSO4•2h2o; in its pure form CaO (32.56%). SO3 (46.51%), H2O (20.93%). Monocline crystallizes in the system. Its crystals are plasticine, columnar, ninaceous and fibrous in appearance. Most often, contiguous granular, fibrous masses are found in the style of various crystalline groups. Clean plaster is colorless and transparent; the presence of joints in the composition is gray, yellowish, brown and other color. Strength on the mineralogical scale is 1.5-2; density is 2300 km/m3. Water solubility at 20° is 2.05 g/L. When heated to around 170°, the semi-hydrate CaSO4 converts to 0.5 H2O (alebastre), and at temperatures above, CaSO4. Gypsum water arises from the deposition of sulfate salts in lakes and Sea basins that begin to dry out. Gypsum reserves, on the other hand, are formed mainly by hydrothermal processes as well as hydration of anhydride. Gypsum layers are found in Fergana (Quvasoy), Bukhara (Kogon) and Surkhandarya regions of Uzbekistan; 2) construction plaster— CaSO4•5h2o — a fast-coupling and fast-curing binder in air; natural plaster is baked at a temperature of 140-190°. It is used in the preparation of brown materials, in the production of plasterboard, plasterboard products, tin stones, paints, in medicine (in the preparation of binding materials), in sculpture, in plasterwork.

Gips (yun. gypsos—boʻr,ohak) 1)tabiiy gips—mineral; suvli kalsiy sulfat tuzi CaSO4•2H2O; tarkibida sof holda CaO (32,56%). SO3 (46,51%), H2O (20,93%) boʻladi. Monoklin sistemada kristallanadi. Kristallari plastinkasimon, ustunsimon, ninasimon va tolasimon koʻrinishda boʻladi. Koʻpincha, tutash donador, tolasimon massalar, turli kristallik guruhlar tarzida uchraydi. Toza gips rangsiz va shaffof; tarkibida qoʻshilmalar boʻlgani kulrang, sargʻish, qoʻngʻir va boshqa rangda boʻladi. Mineralogik shkala boʻyicha qattialigi 1,5—2; zichligi 2300 km/m3. 20° da suvda eruvchanligi 2,05g/l. 170° atrofida qizdirilganda yarimgidrat CaSO4 0,5 H2O (alebastr) ga, undan yuqori temperaturada esa CaSO4 ga aylanadi. Gips suvi quriy boshlagan koʻl va dengiz havzalarida sulfat tuzlarining choʻkishidan paydo boʻladi. Gips zaxiralari esa asosan gidrotermal jarayonlar hamda angidridning gidratlashishi natijasida hosil boʻladi. Gips qatlamlari Oʻzbekistonning Fargʻona (Quvasoy), Buxoro (Kogon) va Surxondaryo viloyatlarida topilgan; 2) Qurilish gipsi— CaSO4•5H2O — havoda tez birikadigan va tez qotadigan bogʻlovchi modda; tabiiy gipsni 140—190° temperaturada pishirib olinadi. Qovushoq materiallar tayyorlashda, gips-beton, gips-beton buyumlar, koshinkor toshlar, boʻyoqlar ishlab chiqarishda, tibbiyotda (bogʻlov materiallari tayyorlashda), haykaltaroshlikda, suvoqchilik ishlarida ishlatiladi.