This project has been funded with support from the European Commission (226388-cp-1-2005-1-de-comenius-c21). This publication reflects the views only of the authors

2.1.2. Labor Hyper-Mobility and Global Distribution of Labor

As an unprecedented number of people move, migration is one of the most important variables that set the conditions of globalization in the beginning of 21^st century. In today’s mobile world there are many global tendencies effecting migration and its management. These are:

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  Demographic tendencies,
  
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  Economic differences between developed and developing countries,
  
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  Trade liberalization necessitating more mobile labor force, in other words globalization,
  
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  Communication network integrating all parts of the world,
  
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  International migration.
  

In the world as of 2005, 192 million people (49.6% of whom are women) live somewhere outside their place of birth. Between 1965 and 1990 the number of international migrants increased by 45 million –an annual growth rate of 2.1%. In 2006 the growth rate is 2.9%. The remittances of these migrants are estimated to be over $276 billion worldwide in 2006 whose $206 billion flow to developing countries. There are roughly 30-40 million illegal migrants constituting 15-20% of migrant stock in the world. In recent years, migration may shift according to the centers of attractions for labor migration.
Table 5: Migration Statistics, 2005

	# of Immigrants (Million People)	The Ratio of Immigrants to the Population of the Region
Europe	64.1	8.8
Asia	53.3	1.4
North America	44.5	13.5
Africa	17.1	1.9
Latin America	6.7	1.2