Together for a healthier world ent conference Online 1 January February 2021

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97
MANIFESTATION OF TINNITUS IN PATIENTS WITH SENSORINEURAL
HEARING LOSS
Arifov S.S., Kalandarova D.A., Orifov S.S.
Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education
Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Introduction. Tinnitus is the sensation of sound in one or both ears in the absence of an external
sound source. In the world from tinnitus suffers 10-15% of the world population. The causes of
tinnitus can be varied. In many cases, the appearance of noise or ringing is associated with hearing
impairment.
Purpose of the study. To assess the manifestations of tinnitus in patients with sensorineural
hearing impairment.
Material and methods. Examined 46 patients (19 females and 27 males) aged from 31 to 62
years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. The state of the hearing organ was
assessed based on the analysis of complaints, medical history, acumetry, pure tone audiometry,
SISI-test, tympanometry, registration of the transient evoked and distortion product of otoacoustic
emissions. Evaluation of the nature of tinnitus was assessed using the “equal loudness” method.
Research results. In all examined patients, the cause of hearing impairment was chronic
cerebrovascular accident against the background of diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Tympanogram type A was recorded in all patients and established predominant lesion of the
peripheral part of the auditory analyzer - transient evoked and distortion product of otoacoustic
emissions did not pass. The SISI test index in 29 (63%) cases exceeded 70%. Based on the
questioning of patients, it was established that in 32 (69%) cases there was a complaint to tinnitus,
of these 73% had it bilateral and 27% had one side. In 67% of patients, the tinnitus was constant
and 33% -periodic. In all, this symptom arose against the background of ischemic heart disease,
angina pectoris. The duration of the tinnitus varied from 3 months to 14 years. Tinnitus in 44.2% of
patients was combined with first degree hearing loss and 37% - second degree hearing loss. In 9%
of patients, there was an increase in the thresholds of air and bone conduction in the high-
frequency zone, and the average indicator of air conduction in them did not reach the value of I
degree of hearing loss (less than 26 dB). In 9% of cases, an increase in thresholds relative to the age
norm in the usual frequency range was not observed and hearing impairment was detected using
tonal threshold audiometry in an extended frequency range, i.e., they had an increase in
thresholds only in the ultrahigh frequency zone (10,000–20,000 Hz). The average noise threshold
according to the results of the “equal loudness” method was 47 ± 4.8 dB.
Thus, the appearance of noise in one ear or on both sides can be considered as an indicator of
the formation of pathological changes in the hearing organ in ischemic heart disease, angina
pectoris. This is the basis for planning a multi-vector study devoted to the study of the initial
manifestations of hearing impairment in the hearing organ when exposed to loud noises.

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