“Together, the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission … and [Elliot] Fisher provided the impetus for the current concept and interest in acos.”

Paul M Ellwood, Jr., et al., “Health maintenance strategy,” Medical Care 1971;9:291-298

“The reformed system must be based on organizations that integrate the financial, clinical, managerial and preventive aspects of health care, that are publicly accountable for their cost, health outcomes produced, and patient satisfaction. We refer to them as ‘Accountable Health Partnerships.’ Such organizations would replace the traditional fee-for-service fragmented practice … model.” [P 149] [Cont.]

• “The reformed system must be based on organizations that integrate the financial, clinical, managerial and preventive aspects of health care, that are publicly accountable for their cost, health outcomes produced, and patient satisfaction. We refer to them as ‘Accountable Health Partnerships.’ Such organizations would replace the traditional fee-for-service fragmented practice … model.” [P 149] [Cont.]

“The critical, defining characteristics of Accountable Health Partnerships will be their participation in a system of public accountability reporting for the health of enrolled populations and their ability to compete … on the basis of costs. [They will] deliver the full array of Uniform Effective Health Benefits…. [P 153]” [Cont.]

• “The critical, defining characteristics of Accountable Health Partnerships will be their participation in a system of public accountability reporting for the health of enrolled populations and their ability to compete … on the basis of costs. [They will] deliver the full array of Uniform Effective Health Benefits…. [P 153]” [Cont.]

“Registered [AHPs] can be single, vertically integrated organizations consisting of providers who are … capable of delivering health care services that meet the required set of Uniform Effective Health Benefits, and insurers who are … able to meet the underwriting standards for the industry. Registered [AHPs] may also be made up of two affiliated … organizations – a provider … and a carrier….” [P 154]

• “Registered [AHPs] can be single, vertically integrated organizations consisting of providers who are … capable of delivering health care services that meet the required set of Uniform Effective Health Benefits, and insurers who are … able to meet the underwriting standards for the industry. Registered [AHPs] may also be made up of two affiliated … organizations – a provider … and a carrier….” [P 154]

• Paul M. Ellwood et al., “The Jackson Hole initiatives for a Twenty-First Century American health care system,” Health Economics 1992;1:149-168.

“ACOs consist of providers who are jointly held accountable for achieving measured quality improvements and reductions in the rate of spending growth…. ACOs should have at least limited accountability for achieving these improvements while caring for a defined population of patients.” [P 983] [Cont.]

• “ACOs consist of providers who are jointly held accountable for achieving measured quality improvements and reductions in the rate of spending growth…. ACOs should have at least limited accountability for achieving these improvements while caring for a defined population of patients.” [P 983] [Cont.]

“ACOs may involve a variety of provider configurations, ranging from integrated delivery systems and primary care medical groups to hospital-based systems and virtual networks of physicians such as independent practice associations. All accountable care organizations should have a strong base of primary care. Hospitals should be encouraged to participate….” [P. 983]

• “ACOs may involve a variety of provider configurations, ranging from integrated delivery systems and primary care medical groups to hospital-based systems and virtual networks of physicians such as independent practice associations. All accountable care organizations should have a strong base of primary care. Hospitals should be encouraged to participate….” [P. 983]

• Mark McClellan et al., “A national strategy to put accountable care into practice,” Health Affairs 2010;29:982-990

“The basic statutory requirements of the program are that ACOs need to have the capacity to deliver or arrange for the continuum of care for those patents assigned to it, to have a sufficient number of primary care professionals to provide services to at least 5,000 beneficiaries…, and to report data on cost, quality, and overall patient experience for beneficiaries in traditional Medicare.” [P 722] [Cont.]

• “The basic statutory requirements of the program are that ACOs need to have the capacity to deliver or arrange for the continuum of care for those patents assigned to it, to have a sufficient number of primary care professionals to provide services to at least 5,000 beneficiaries…, and to report data on cost, quality, and overall patient experience for beneficiaries in traditional Medicare.” [P 722] [Cont.]

“Although Sections 3022 and 10307 give the [HHS] Secretary discretion in using additional payment approaches, they specify … a shared savings payment approach whereby groups would be paid their usual Medicare fee-for-service reimbursements, with no penalties … for higher spending, and could share in savings if the group provides care to assigned beneficiaries for less than a Medicare benchmark spending target … while passing … thresholds for … quality of care.” [P 722] [Cont.]

• “Although Sections 3022 and 10307 give the [HHS] Secretary discretion in using additional payment approaches, they specify … a shared savings payment approach whereby groups would be paid their usual Medicare fee-for-service reimbursements, with no penalties … for higher spending, and could share in savings if the group provides care to assigned beneficiaries for less than a Medicare benchmark spending target … while passing … thresholds for … quality of care.” [P 722] [Cont.]