Transfer in language learning

TRANSFER IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Cognitive factor in second language aquisition(SLA)
• Transfer-code mixing
• Positive and negative transfer
• Overgeneralization and its types
• Types of interference

COGNITIVE FACTORS
Communication strategies
Learning strategies
Transfer
Learning styles
Aptitude
Intelligence

• Cognitive factors that influence learning range from basic learning processes, such as memorizing facts or information, or higher-level processes, such as understanding application, analysis and evaluation. Cognition is the process of knowing, understanding and learning something.

Transfer

Positive Negative

The similarities shared by the L1 and L2 help SLA
The differences between L1 and L2 that interfere SLA

Positive transfer

• Positive transfer is based on identical points between source and target language which benefits easier acquisition of second language owing to its similar characteristics with mother tongue.
• For example, word order in both English and French is on the basis of Subject+verb+object which encourages language learners to easily acquire this structure and apply them in their language performance:

I am a student. Je suis un ètudiant.

Positive transfer(cont)

• In addition, there is existence of three types of third person in both English and Russian languages that makes it easier for Russians to make up sentences with this structure.

he он Police is coming

she она Police are coming

it оно

Overall, positive transfer only aids students burgeon their learning process. However, the outcomes of positive transfer go largely without great attention and not frequently speculated.

Negative transfer

Interference Overgeneralization

L1 L2 L1 L1