Typology of lexical units in languages (English and native languages) Key points for discussion
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Typology of lexical units in languages 1
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The table above follows the same practice of representing “lexicalization” in a fairlyunsophisticated way without asking the question ofwhether pyKain Russian oryubi in Japanese are polysemous or semantically general. What matters here is simply how many different lexemes there are and how theypartition the domain. A somewhat more complicated example is given in Table 2, which shows the verbs used for talking about waterrelatedmotion (“aquamotion”) in three languages - Swedish, Dutch and Russian.The table includes both motion of water itself (“flow” in English) and motion/location of other entities (other figures) with water as ground. Here, again, theRussian verbs плыть / плаватьахе treated as one semantic unit, rather than two sets ofdifferent senses. Flyta in Swedish appears, however, at two different places - thisdoes not per se imply any strong conviction that the case is much different from theRussian verb couple, but shows rather problems with two-dimensionalrepresentations. Table 2: A part of the aqua-motion domain in Russian, Swedish, and Dutch.
As these examples show, languages differ considerably as to how many different lexemes they have for talking about comparable domains and how exactly these words partition the domains. It is, therefore, reasonable to ask whether there is any systematicity underlying the obvious cross-linguistic variation. Whatever the answer is, it requires explanation. Only a handful of conceptual domains typically encoded by words (rather than by grammatical means) have been subject to systematic cross-linguistic research on their semantic categorization, primarily colour, body, kinship, perception, motion, events of breaking and cutting, dimension. The list can be made slightly longer, if we include words and expressions with more grammatical meanings, such as indefinite pronouns, various quantifiers, interrogatives, phrasal adverbials andspatial adpositio RecommendedLiteratures: Аракин В.Д. Сравнительнаятипологияанглийскогоирусскогоязыков. Ленинград, 1979. Буранов Ж.Б. Сравнительная типологи яанглийского и тюркских языков. М, 1983. РождественскийЮ.В. Типология слова. М, 1969. ArnoldV.I. The EnglishWord. M, 1973. Download 65.36 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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