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Статья в журнале учёные 21 века
Садриддинзода Сафия Шахобиддиновна – преподаватель английского языка,
Самаркандкский государственный институт иностранных языков, Узбекистан. Ученый XXI века • 2020 • № 3-3 (62) 33 unity, soul” or “split of the soul into parts”, “opposition to God”, that is, the demon is a “supporter of separation”. “In the second century. BC. in the Septuagint, the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, the word demon was used to mean Jewish evil spirits, and thus its negative meaning was legalized” [Russell 2002: 44]. It can be assumed that in all three linguistic pictures of the world (Russian-speaking, English-speaking and Hispanic), demons are traditionally classified as creatures who lack a soul (that which, as you know, distinguishes a person from any other object of the surrounding world), respectively, this a soulless being cannot possess good intentions and usually exists in this world thanks to supernatural abilities received from the devil himself. Appeal to the explanatory dictionary of the Russian language T.Yu. Efremova showed that the taken “demon” is interpreted as “1) a good or evil spirit that affects the lives and desti- nies of people (in ancient mythology), 2) an evil spirit: hell, Satan, the devil, etc. (accord- ing to Christian ideas)”. Accordingly, the expansion of the meaning from a simple evil spirit to a sinister - Satan occurred in Russian linguistic culture over time under the influence of the frequent use of this word in various sources, both artistic and religious, and journalistic. Dictionary D.N. Ushakova pushes the scope of our understanding of the semantics of the demon taken. Along with similar meanings - “1) an evil tempter, a crea- ture with a mysterious power, which leads to something unkind, evil. Partly human qualities are attributed to the demon, but, nevertheless, the divine, supernatural are not excluded. Dictionary of living Great Russian language V.I. Dahl gives interpretations similar to those given above, and expands the synonymous series: “a demon is an evil spirit, a devil, Satan, a demon, a devil, an unclean, crafty one / Satan who is in a lie, by his arrogance of spirit; the devil, who is in evil, by self; a demon who is in the lusts of evil because of love for the things of the world”. Valuable for my study in terms of re- vealing the idiomatics of the word from the point of view of the imagery of the visual representation of the phenomenon under study was J. Hall's dictionary of subjects and symbols in art. Since art often reveals common cultural parallels, one can assume that the image of demons in the paintings of artists is a universally understood plot of the depicted reality, significant for the corresponding linguistic pictures of the world. Therefore, from a semiotic perspective, J. Hall's dictionary can be regarded as one of the universal, but not the only sources of interpretation of the concept of demon in the stud- ied pictures of the world. The author believes that demons are “fallen angels”, Satan's henchmen, his servants and messengers, just like angels are god’s messengers [Hall 1996: 207], “they are depicted as taking away the sinner to the Underworld, just as an angel takes away the souls of the righteous on sky. Or they fight the angels for the pos- session of the human soul” [ibid: 207]. In other words, the demon deals with the souls of people, but does not appropriate them, but takes them to their places of residence. An external description of demons is also given here: “they have wings, horns and tails, they are armed with sharp spears or pitchforks, resemble Satan” [ibid: 208]. It can be assumed that it was the visual interpretation of demonic characters on the canvases of great masters that served as the starting point for their description in the works of art by many writers. Thus, the demonological vocabulary representing the unreal characters of the other world and the concepts associated with them is represented by various nomina- tions that realize to some extent mythological content in each individual image. The similarity of the etymology and semantics of lexemes can be traced in all three lin- guocultures on the following grounds: the absence of a real subject (denotatus), con- crete evidence of the existence of mythological characters and the inextricable connec- tion with both religion and folk tradition. One of the important principles of studying the text, according to I.R. Halperin, which we share, is a dichotomy - “the binding of opposition parameters in the observation of facts” [Halperin 2004: 9]. So, the con- trasting opposition with any of the nuclear components of demonological vocabulary is traditionally formed by the universally significant nomination of angel (Russian) / an- gel (English) / ángel (Spanish). In the Russian-language dictionary of J. Hall, it is noted that “an angel is a messenger of the gods, a bearer of divine will and its performer on earth,” first appeared in ancient Eastern religions; there is a whole hierarchy of angels in Heaven, each with its own role and mission on earth. Etymologically, the angel is of Greek origin ἄ γγελος with the meaning of the messenger. In Russian, the first lexeme was recorded in writing in biblical sources and the Gospel. Then, after translating the Педагогические науки 34 sacred texts into the Church Slavonic language, the researchers concluded that the di- graph yu (gamma-gamma) in Greek was read as [ng] and therefore it turned out that ἄ γγελος is not only an angel, but also an aggel - a servant of Satan. That is, the word had ambivalent semantics, but entered the linguistic culture exclusively with a positive meaning and was further fixed in the language in its modern interpretation. As for the precedent nomination "fallen angel", then, according to many encyclopedic and religious sources, this is the devil, cast down from heaven because of his pride into the underworld. I.P. Cherkasova explains the appearance of the devil, re- ferring to the book by R. Mazello “Fallen Angels”: “the angel cast down from heaven received a new name - Satan (translated from Hebrew as “adversary”) and a new mon- astery - hell. The angels who rebelled with him became demons” [Cherkasova 2005a: 19]. Thus, the demonological vocabulary representing the unreal characters of the other world and the concepts associated with them is represented by various nomina- tions that realize to some extent mythological content in each individual image. The similarity of the etymology and semantics of lexemes can be traced in all three lin- guocultures on the following grounds: the absence of a real subject (denotatus), con- crete evidence of the existence of mythological characters and the inextricable connec- tion with both religion and folk tradition. One of the important principles of studying the text, according to I.R. Halperin, which we share, is a dichotomy - “the binding of opposition parameters in the observation of facts” [Halperin 2004: 9]. So, the con- trasting opposition with any of the nuclear components of demonological vocabulary is traditionally formed by the universally significant nomination of angel (Russian) / an- gel (English) / ángel (Spanish). In the Russian-language dictionary of J. Hall, it is noted that “an angel is a messenger of the gods, a bearer of divine will and its performer on earth,” first appeared in ancient Eastern religions; there is a whole hierarchy of angels in Heaven, each with its own role and mission on earth. Etymologically, the angel is of Greek origin ἄ γγελος with the meaning of the messenger. In Russian, the first lexeme was recorded in writing in biblical sources and the Gospel. Then, after translating the sacred texts into the Church Slavonic language, the researchers concluded that the di- graph uu (gamma-gamma) in Greek was read as [ng] and therefore it turned out that ἄ γγελος is not only an angel, but also an aggel - a servant of Satan. That is, the word had ambivalent semantics, but entered the linguistic culture exclusively with a positive meaning and was further fixed in the language in its modern interpretation. As for the precedent nomination "fallen angel", then, according to many encyclopedic and religious sources, this is the devil, cast down from heaven because of his pride into the underworld. I.P. Cherkasova explains the appearance of the devil, re- ferring to the book by R. Mazello “Fallen Angels”: “the angel cast down from heaven received a new name - Satan (translated from Hebrew as “adversary”) and a new mon- astery - hell. Download 1.63 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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