Ubuntu Server Guide Changes, errors and bugs

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ubuntu-server-guide

Document Outline

Ubuntu Server Guide
- Changes, errors and bugs
- Offline
- Support
Basic installation
Preparing to Install
- System requirements
- Server and Desktop Differences
- Backing Up
Preparing install media
Booting the installer
Using the installer
Advanced Installation
- Software RAID
  - RAID Configuration
  - Partitioning
  - Degraded RAID
  - RAID Maintenance
  - Resources
- Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
  - Overview
  - Installation
  - Extending Volume Groups
  - Resources
- iSCSI
  - Installation on a diskless system
  - Installation on a system with disk attached
  - Installation with iBFT
  - Rebooting to an iSCSI target
Package Management
- Introduction
- Apt
- Aptitude
  - Command Line Aptitude
- dpkg
- APT Configuration
  - Extra Repositories
- Automatic Updates
- Notifications
- References
Kernel Crash Dump
- Introduction
- Kernel Crash Dump Mechanism
- Installation
- Configuration
  - Local Kernel Crash Dumps
  - Remote Kernel Crash Dumps using the SSH protocol
  - Remote Kernel Crash Dumps using the NFS protocol
- Verification
- Testing the Crash Dump Mechanism
- Resources
Reporting Bugs in Ubuntu Server
- Reporting Bugs With apport-cli
- Reporting Application Crashes
- Resources
Upgrading
- do-release-upgrade
Device Mapper Multipathing - Introduction
- Overview
- Storage Array Overview
- Multipath Components
- Multipath Setup Overview
Multipath Devices
- Multipath Device Identifiers
- Consistent Multipath Device Names in a Cluster
- Multipath Device attributes
- Multipath Devices in Logical Volumes
Device Mapper Multipathing - Configuration
- Configuration File Overview
- Configuration File Defaults
- Configuration File Blacklist & Exceptions
- Configuration File Multipath Section
- Configuration File Devices Section
Device Mapper Multipathing - Setup
- Basic Setup
Device Mapper Multipathing - Usage & Debug
- Resizing Online Multipath Devices
- Moving root File System from a Single Path Device to a Multipath Device
- The Multipath Daemon
- Multipath Command Output
- Multipath Queries with multipath Command
- Determining Device Mapper Entries with dmsetup Command
- Troubleshooting with the multipathd interactive console
Networking
TCP/IP
- TCP/IP Introduction
- TCP/IP Configuration
- IP Routing
- TCP and UDP
- ICMP
- Daemons
- Resources
Network Configuration
- Ethernet Interfaces
  - Identify Ethernet Interfaces
  - Ethernet Interface Logical Names
  - Ethernet Interface Settings
- IP Addressing
  - Temporary IP Address Assignment
  - Dynamic IP Address Assignment (DHCP Client)
  - Static IP Address Assignment
  - Loopback Interface
- Name Resolution
  - Static Hostnames
  - Name Service Switch Configuration
- Bridging
- Resources
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
Time Synchronization
- Synchronizing your systems time
- Configuring timedatectl and timesyncd
- Serve the Network Time Protocol
- chrony(d)
- Installation
- Chronyd Configuration
- View status
- PPS Support
  - Example configuration for GPSD to feed Chrony
- References
Data Plane Development Kit
- Prerequisites
- Unassigning the default Kernel drivers
- Usage:
- DPDK Device configuration
- DPDK HugePage configuration
- Compile DPDK Applications
- DPDK in KVM Guests
- Use DPDK
- Resources
- OpenVswitch-DPDK
  - Attaching DPDK ports to OpenVswitch
- OpenVswitch DPDK to KVM Guests
- Tuning Openvswitch-DPDK
- Support and Troubleshooting
- Resources
Security
User Management
- Where is root?
- Adding and Deleting Users
- User Profile Security
- Password Policy
  - Minimum Password Length
  - Password Expiration
- Other Security Considerations
  - SSH Access by Disabled Users
  - External User Database Authentication
AppArmor
- Using AppArmor
- Profiles
  - Creating a Profile
  - Updating Profiles
  - Further pre-existing Profiles
- Checking and debugging denies
- Profile customization
- References
Firewall
- Introduction
- ufw - Uncomplicated Firewall
  - ufw Application Integration
- IP Masquerading
  - ufw Masquerading
  - iptables Masquerading
- Logs
- Other Tools
- References
Certificates
- Types of Certificates
- Generating a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)
- Creating a Self-Signed Certificate
- Installing the Certificate
- Certification Authority
- References
Console Security
- Disable Ctrl+Alt+Delete
eCryptfs is deprecated
Usage
- Find available images
- Launch a fresh instance of the current Ubuntu LTS
- Check out the running instances
- Learn more about the VM instance you just launched
- Connect to a running instance
- Run commands inside an instance from outside
- Stop an instance to save resources
- Delete the instance
- Integrate into the rest of your virtualization
- Get help
Qemu
- Running Qemu/KVM
- Graphics
- Upgrading the machine type
- QEMU usage for microvms
libvirt
- Virtual Networking
- Installation
- Virtual Machine Management
- virsh
  - system and session scope
- Migration
- Device Passthrough / Hotplug
- Access Qemu Monitor via libvirt
- Huge Pages
  - Huge page allocation
  - Huge page usage in libvirt
- Apparmor isolation
- Resources
Cloud images and uvtool
- Introduction
- Creating virtual machines using uvtool
  - Uvtool packages
  - Get the Ubuntu Cloud Image with uvt-simplestreams-libvirt
  - Create the VM using uvt-kvm
  - Connect to the running VM
  - Get the list of running VMs
  - Destroy your VM
  - More uvt-kvm options
- Resources
- Introduction
- Virtual Machine Manager
  - virt-manager guest lifecycle
  - virt-manager guest modification
- Virtual Machine Viewer
- virt-install
- virt-clone
- Resources
LXD
- Online Resources
- Installation
- Kernel preparation
- Configuration
- Creating your first container
  - Creating a container
- LXD Server Configuration
  - Authentication
  - Backing store
- Container configuration
- Profiles
- Nesting
- Limits
- UID mappings and Privileged containers
- Apparmor
- Seccomp
- Raw LXC configuration
  - Snapshots
  - Publishing images
  - Image export and import
- Troubleshooting
LXC
- Installation
- Basic usage
  - Basic privileged usage
  - User namespaces
  - Basic unprivileged usage
  - Nesting
- Global configuration
- Networking
- LXC startup
- Backing Stores
- Templates
- Autostart
- Apparmor
  - Customizing container policies
- Control Groups
- Cloning
  - Snapshots
  - Ephemeral Containers
- Lifecycle management hooks
- Consoles
- Troubleshooting
  - Logging
  - Monitoring container status
  - Attach
  - Container init verbosity
- LXC API
- Security
  - Exploitable system calls
- Resources
Databases
MySQL
- Installation
- Configuration
- Database Engines
- Advanced configuration
  - Creating a tuned configuration
  - MySQL Tuner
- Resources
PostgreSQL
- Installation
- Configuration
- Backups
- Resources
Active Directory Integration
- Accessing a Samba Share
- Accessing a Windows Share
- Resources
As a Domain Controller
- Primary Domain Controller
- Backup Domain Controller
- Resources
File Server
- Installation
- Configuration
- Resources
Samba
Introduction
Print Server
- Installation
- Configuration
- Resources
Securing File and Print Server
- Samba Security Modes
- Security = User
- Share Security
  - Groups
  - File Permissions
- Samba AppArmor Profile
- Resources
Samba - OpenLDAP Backend
- Software Installation
- LDAP Configuration
  - Samba schema
  - Samba indices
  - Adding Samba LDAP objects
- Samba Configuration
- Resources
CUPS - Print Server
- Installation
- Configuration
- Web Interface
- References
Domain Name Service (DNS)
Installation
Configuration
- Overview
- Caching Nameserver
  - Forward Zone File
  - Reverse Zone File
- Secondary Server
Troubleshooting
- Testing
  - resolv.conf
  - ping
  - named-checkzone
  - Quick temporary query logging
- Logging
References
FTP Server
- vsftpd - FTP Server Installation
- Anonymous FTP Configuration
- User Authenticated FTP Configuration
- Securing FTP
- References
File Servers
Domain Name Service (DNS)
iSCSI Initiator (or Client)
- Network Interfaces Configuration
- iSCSI Initiator Install
- iSCSI Initiator Configuration
- iSCSI Network Configuration
- Accessing the Logical Units (or LUNs)
- References
Kerberos
- Overview
- Kerberos Server
  - Installation
  - Configuration
- Secondary KDC
- Kerberos Linux Client
  - Installation
  - Configuration
- Resources
Kerberos and LDAP
- Configuring OpenLDAP
- Primary KDC Configuration (LDAP)
- Secondary KDC Configuration (LDAP)
- Resources
OpenLDAP Server
- Post-install Inspection
- Modifying/Populating your Database
  - Adding an index
  - Change the rootDN password:
  - Adding a schema
  - Logging
- Backup and Restore
- References
OpenLDAP Replication
- Provider Configuration - replication user
- Provider Configuration - standard replication
- Consumer Configuration - standard replication
- Provider Configuration - delta replication
  - Add syncprov and accesslog overlays and DBs
- Consumer Configuration
- Testing
- References
- LDAP Workstation Authentication
- User and Group Management - ldapscripts
- Resources
- LDAP & TLS
Network File System (NFS)
- Installation
- Configuration
- NFS Client Configuration
- References
OpenSSH Server
- Introduction
- Installation
- Configuration
- SSH Keys
- Import keys from public keyservers
- Two factor authentication with U2F/FIDO
- References
VPN
OpenVPN
- Server Installation
- Public Key Infrastructure Setup
  - Certificate Authority Setup
  - Server Keys and Certificates
  - Client Certificates
- Simple Server Configuration
- Simple Client Configuration
- First trouble shooting
- Advanced configuration
  - Advanced routed VPN configuration on server
  - Advanced bridged VPN configuration on server
- References
- Installing a gitolite server
- Gitolite configuration
- Managing gitolite users and repositories
- Using your server
References
- Client software implementations
  - Linux Network-Manager GUI for OpenVPN
  - OpenVPN with GUI for Mac OS X
  - OpenVPN with GUI for Win
- References
SSSD
- SSSD and Active Directory
  - Prerequisites, Assumptions, and Requirements
  - Software Installation
  - Join the domain
  - SSSD Configuration
  - Automatic home directory creation
  - Checks
  - Kerberos Tickets
  - Desktop Ubuntu Authentication
  - Resources
- SSSD and LDAP
  - Prerequisites, Assumptions, and Requirements
  - Software Installation
  - SSSD Configuration
  - Automatic home directory creation
  - Check SSL setup on the client
  - Final verification
- SSSD, LDAP and Kerberos
  - Prerequisites, Assumptions, and Requirements
  - Software Installation
  - SSSD Configuration
  - Automatic home directory creation
  - Final verification
- SSSD and KDC spoofing
- Debugging and troubleshooting
  - debug_level
  - Caching
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
Dovecot Server
- Installation
- Configuration
- Dovecot SSL Configuration
- Firewall Configuration for an Email Server
- References
Exim4
- Installation
- Configuration
- SMTP Authentication
- Configuring SASL
- References
Email Services
Mailman
- Installation
  - Apache2
  - Postfix
  - Exim4
  - Mailman
- Configuration
  - Apache2
  - Postfix
  - Exim4
  - Main
  - Transport
  - Router
  - Mailman
- Administration
- Users
- References
Mail Filtering
- Installation
- Configuration
  - ClamAV
  - Spamassassin
  - Amavisd-new
  - Postfix
  - Amavisd-new and Spamassassin
- Testing
- Troubleshooting
- References
Postfix
- Installation
- Basic Configuration
- SMTP Authentication
- Configuring SASL
- Testing
- Troubleshooting
  - Escaping chroot
  - SMTPS
  - Log Viewing
  - Increasing Logging Detail
  - Logging mail delivery
  - Increasing daemon verbosity
  - Logging SASL debug info
Squid
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
HTTPD - Apache2 Web Server
- Installation
- Configuration
  - Basic Settings
  - Default Settings
  - apache2 Settings
  - Apache2 Modules
- HTTPS Configuration
- Sharing Write Permission
- References
Apache Tomcat
- System-wide installation
- Configuration
  - Changing default ports
  - Changing JVM used
  - Declaring users and roles
- Using Tomcat standard webapps
  - Tomcat documentation
  - Tomcat administration webapps
  - Tomcat examples webapps
- Using private instances
  - Installing private instance support
  - Creating a private instance
  - Configuring your private instance
  - Starting/stopping your private instance
- References
Web Servers
- Implementation
Introduction to High Availability
- High Availability Clusters
- High Availability Cluster Heartbeat
- High Availability Cluster Quorum
- Example
- Fencing
Linux High Availability Projects
- Ubuntu HA Core Packages
- Ubuntu HA Community Packages
- Ubuntu HA Deprecated Packages
- Ubuntu HA Related Packages
- Upstream Documentation
- Resource Agents: main
Resource Agents: [universe]
Resource Agents: [universe]-community
Resource Agents: [non-supported]
Resource Agents: [deprecated]
Ubuntu HA - Pacemaker Fence Agents Supportability
- Fence Agents: main
Fence Agents: [universe]
Fence Agents: [universe]-community
Fence Agents: [non-supported]
Fence Agents: [deprecated]
Ubuntu HA - DRBD
- Configuration
- Testing
- References
Byobu
- Resources
etckeeper
- Resources
Munin
- Installation
- Configuration
- Additional Plugins
- References
Nagios
- Installation
- Configuration Overview
- Configuration
- References
pam_motd
- Resources
Puppet
- Preconfiguration
- Installation
- Configuration
- Resources
Zentyal
- Installation
- First steps
- Modules
- References
Monitoring
Overview
Nagios
- Installation
- Configuration Overview
- Configuration
- References
Munin
- Installation
- Configuration
- Additional Plugins
- References
Rsnapshot
- Configuration
- Test Configuration
- Scheduling Backups
  - References
PHP - Scripting Language
- Installation
- Configuration
- Testing
- References
Ruby on Rails
- Installation
- Configuration
  - Web Server
  - Database
- References
Backups
Archive Rotation
- Rotating NFS Archives
- Tape Drives
Bacula
- Overview
- Installation
- Configuration
- Localhost Backup
- Resources
Shell Scripts
- Simple Shell Script
- Executing the Script
  - Executing from a Terminal
  - Executing with cron
- Restoring from the Archive
- References
LAMP Applications
Overview
Moin Moin
- Installation
- Configuration
- Verification
- References
phpMyAdmin
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
WordPress
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
LAMP Applications
Overview
phpMyAdmin
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
WordPress
- Installation
- Configuration
- References
Using the installer
- Getting the installer
- Installer UI generalities
- Running the installer over serial
- Help menu
- Switching to a shell prompt
- Global keys
Using the installer step by step
- Language selection
- Refresh
- Keyboard
- Zdev (s390x only)
- Network
- Proxy
- Mirror
- Storage
- Identity
- SSH
- Snaps
- Installation logs
Configuring storage in the server installer
- Guided options
- The main storage screen
- Partitions
- RAID
- LVM
- Selecting boot devices
- Limitations and workarounds
Automated Server Installs
Introduction
Differences from debian-installer preseeding
Providing the autoinstall config
Running a truly automatic autoinstall
Quick start
Creating an autoinstall config
The structure of an autoinstall config
Error handling
Possible future directions
Autoinstall Quick Start
- Providing the autoinstall data over the network
  - Download the ISO
  - Mount the ISO
  - Write your autoinstall config
  - Serve the cloud-init config over http
  - Create a target disk
  - Run the install!
  - Boot the installed system
- Using another volume to provide the autoinstall config
  - Download the ISO
  - Create your user-data & meta-data files
  - Create an ISO to use as a cloud-init data source
  - Create a target disk
  - Run the install!
  - Boot the installed system
JSON Schema for autoinstall config
- Introduction
- How the config is validated
- Schema
- Regeneration
Automated Server Installs Config File Reference
Overall format
Schema
Top-level keys
- update
- channel
- layout
- variant
- toggle
- Supported layouts
- action-based config
- realname
- username
- hostname
- password
- install-server
- authorized-keys
- allow-pw
Netbooting the server installer on amd64
- Configuring DHCP/bootp and tftp
- Serving the bootloaders and configuration.
  - Mode independent set up
  - Setting up the files for UEFI booting
  - Setting up the files for legacy boot
Eventually the initial subiquity installer screen shows up:

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