Understanding Metonymies in Discourse


Markert and Hahn’s Critique of Earlier Approaches


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Understanding Metonymies in Discourse

Markert and Hahn’s Critique of Earlier Approaches

  • Preferring literal interpretation first leads to inadequate results under incremental parsing conditions unless expensive backtracking is granted.
  • Some cases of metonymy do not violate selection restrictions (“He doesn’t like Shakespeare.”)
  • Some selection restriction violations have nothing to do with metonymy (“The shirt was waiting for him...”)
  • Some metonyms can only be resolved by taking a broader, multi-sentence context into account (“I saw this butterfly fall. I said to myself: Similar is my destiny. [….] Like this caterpillar I have crawled around in the mud.”)

Markert and Hahn’s Approach to Computational Metonymy Resolution

Equality of literal and figurative interpretations

  • Markert and Hahn dispute idea that figurative language represents a violation of communicative norms
  • They claim that considering literal and figurative interpretations simultaneously is more in line with current research on human parsing behavior
  • They point to ways in which metonymy resolution can aid in the resolution of literal language phenomena, especially in nominal anaphora resolution

Consistency with world knowledge and intrasentential context

Referential cohesion

  • More significant criterion than resolution of selection restriction violations is choosing interpretations that maximize the (intra-sentential and inter-sentential) cohesion among referents (includes anaphora)

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