Rules for creating the “ing-form” - The doubling rule: When a single syllable verb ends with a letter sequence of “consonant-vowel-consonant”, double the final consonant and add “ing”.
- beg -> begging; stop -> stopping;
- Exceptions:
- If the verb is longer than one syllable, double only if the stress falls on the last syllable.
- Ex: forget -> forgetting verses ??
- The letters h, w, x, & y are never doubled (fix-fixing; row -> rowing )
- Present participle form is used
- To express the past, present and future continuous tenses
- As well as the past, present and future perfect continuous tenses
- As a noun (in which case it is called a “gerund”)
- As an adjective
- Primary use is to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment.
- You are learning English now.
- You are not swimming now.
- Are you sleeping?
- I am not sitting.
- The simple present expresses a frequent action, habit, etc. Not necessarily something you are doing now.
Present Continuous Tense Usage However, sometimes we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer – but temporary – action which is in progress now; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second. - I am studying to become a doctor.
- I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.
- I am not reading any books right now.
(All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.) - In English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.
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