Women writersin great britain in the XIX century

WOMEN WRITERSIN GREAT BRITAIN IN THE XIX CENTURY
PLAN
1Maria Graham (Lady Callcott), 1785-1842
2 Sarah Josepha Buell Hale, 1788-1879
3Joanna Southcott, 1750-1814
Maria Graham traveled extensively with her father, Admiral George Dundas, and then with her husband, Captain Thomas Graham, who died in 1822 during their trip to South America. She returned to London in 1824, and in 1827 married Sir Augustus Wall Callcott, the celebrated artist. She died in 1842, after being an invalid for several years. Her many works include travels to India, Rome, Brazil, and Chile; essays on artists; and, her most famous, Little Arthur’s History of England.
Journal of a Residence in Chile, during the Year 1822. And a Voyage from Chile to Brazil in 1823. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, and John Murray, 1824.
Journal of a Voyage to Brazil, and Residence There, during Part of the Years 1821, 1822, 1823. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1824.

Sarah Josepha Buell Hale, 1788-1879 As editor for the popular Ladies’ Magazine (later renamed Godey’s Lady’s Book), Hale earned widespread influence with American women from 1828 to 1877. She began writing after her husband died, when she was left pregnant and with four other children. After having a book and novel published, she was invited by John L. Blake to edit Ladies’ Magazine. The women writers she accepted as editor helped to promote women as professional writers. The Magazine included correspondence, stories, poetry, music, and fashion plates.

Hale preferred to depict women in simple dress as opposed to other magazines, which showed women in more flamboyant, European styles. She argued that simple attire promoted a more physically active lifestyle. However, her fashion sense lacked popular appeal, and she chose to discontinue fashion plates rather than promote a more European style. In some of Hale’s most notable editorials, she took up the cause to make Thanksgiving a national holiday. Her persuasive writing campaign eventually convinced Abraham Lincoln to officially declare Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863, in the midst of the Civil War. Christina Rossetti, 1830-1894 Christina Rossetti was the youngest of four children of Gabriele Rossetti, an Italian exile and Dante scholar. Christina’s siblings chose to pursue artistic and literary careers. Her brother Dante Gabriel, painter and poet, founded the Pre-Raphaelite brotherhood, a group promoting beauty in art and a harkening back to more primitive, medieval themes. The other two children, William Michael and Maria Francesca, were also published writers. Christina began publishing poems in D.G. Rossetti’s Pre-Raphaelite journal, The Germ (1848). Her first collection, Goblin Market and Other Poems (1862), has been considered the first literary success of the Pre-Raphaelites. She went on to publish both for children and adults throughout her life. She was a devout Christian, and religious themes are often central to her writing. Joanna Southcott, 1750-1814 Born in East Devon to a poor farming family, Joanna Southcott spent a majority of her life living normally as a domestic servant and upholsterer. However, at age forty-two, she turned prophetess. Southcott began to interpret a rapidly changing England, one of industrial growth and subsequent social unrest, as a sign of God’s wrath. "On Christmas 1791, she joined the Wesleyans. On Easter Sunday 1792, she predicted that the locusts of Abaddon would be loosed upon the world." Warnings and solutions to save the world came to her in a voice. In response, she took her messages and life’s savings to a printer and published her first book, The Strange Effects of Faith, in 1801. She soon acquired thousands of followers and set up a ministry in London. She published sixty-five books before her death in 1814. (Rosenberg) The Trial of Joanna Southcott, During Seven Days, Which Commenced on the Fifth, and Ended on the Eleventh of December, 1804. At the Neckinger House, Bermondsey, Near London. London: Printed by S. Rousseau, sld by E.J. Field, W. Symonds, and the Miss Eveleighs, 1804. Southcott went to trial to defend herself against claims that she was an impostor. A Dispute between the Woman and the Powers of Darkness. London: Marchant and Galabin, 1813. Second edition. In this seven-day long exchange between Southcott and Satan, or Satan’s friends, Satan dares to curse both God and Southcott. She eventually persuades the evil forces to return to God.