Works of young research scientists in New Uzbekistan

References:

1. 
   SKSulliyeva, Q.G'. Zakirov (Education manual).
   
2. 
   NMVerzilin, M.Korsunskaya "Biology of teaching common methodology ", " Teacher " 1983y
   
3. 
   VFShalayev and others " Biology teaching methodology ", "Teacher" 1983y
   
4. 
   J. Tolipova and others "Botany" grades 5-6 Methodical manual. 2003
   
5. 
   I. Azimov and others " Biology Methodical manual ", "Ibn Sino" 2002y.
   
6. 
   ATG'ofurov, S. Khabirova " From Biology from class extracurricular activities ", " Teacher " 1978y
   

Farmanova Fatima Fakhriddinovna, a student of the 4th stage of the direction of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Bukhara State University
Email: [e-mail]

BIODIVERSITY
Annotation: In this article, you will have a lot of information about biodiversity. Biodiversity, short for biological diversity, refers to the sum total of all the variety and variability of life in a defined area. In contrast to the more specific term species diversity, the term biodiversity was coined to emphasize the many complex kinds of variations that exist within and among organisms at different levels of organization. It refers to the totality of genes, species and ecosystems of a region. United Nations Earth Summit defined biological diversity as: ‘Biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia (among other things), terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
Key words: Genetic diversity, Species diversity, Ecosystem diversity, Gradients of biodiversity, Critically endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable.

1. 
   INTRODUCTION
   

Biodiversity is the number of distinct varieties or types within a group of living systems: distinct genes in a species, species in an ecosystem, or ecosystems in a biome. The term is often used to mean the total number of species living in a given ecosystem or on Earth as a whole. Climate change affects biodiversity primarily by shifting the boundaries of ecosystems, by altering the timing of seasonal events such as hatching and budding, and altering the temperature and chemical characteristics of lakes, rivers, and oceans. Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂), which is a main cause of global warming, also has direct effects on ecosystems, acidifying the oceans and encouraging the growth of some plants more than others. Such stresses inevitably cause extinctions, that is, loss of biodiversity.
Only evolution can create new species, and this occurs only over geologic time (usually millions of years). On human or historical time scales, extinction decreases biodiversity irreversibly. Some extinctions from climate change have already been recorded, although to date most have been caused by other human activities such as pollution, over-hunting, and deforestation. The rate of extinctions caused by climate change is predicted to be greater later in the twenty-first century than today.

2.