Passive Voice(Majhul nisbat)
1.
Majhul nisbatning zamonlari to be yordamchi fe’lini kerakli zamonda qo‘yish va
undan kegin P.P qo’yish orqali yasaladi yasaladi. Ega + to be + P.P
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Present
I am invited
I am being
invited
I have been invited
Past
I was invited
I was being
invited
I had been invited
Future
I shall be
invited
—
I shall have been invited
Future in the
Past
I should be
invited
—
I should have been
invited
2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz shakli birinchi yordamchi fe’ldan keyin not inkor
yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi: I am not invited, I have not been invited, I
shall not have been invited.
3.Majhul nisbatning so‘roq shakli birinchi yordamchi fe’lni eganing oldiga o‘tkazish bilan
yasaladi: Am I invited? Have I been invited? Shall I have been invited?
Majhul Nisbat Ishlatilishi
1. Agar ish harakat bajaruvchisi nomalum yoki ega bo’lmasa,
ish-harakat egani ustida bajarilsa biz majhul nisbat
ishlatamiz..
All the cookies have been eaten. – Hamma pishiriqlar yeyildi.
2. Ish harakatning bajaruvchi aniq bo’lsa ham ishlatamiz.
Bunda Ish barajuvchi bizga juda ham aniq va kim
bajarganini bilamiz.(ko’pincha maxsus birikmalar bor)
Be born fe’li masalan passive ishlatiladi
My mother born me on June 23rd .1989
(I was born holida ishlatamiz)
People call him Mamadali
(He is called Mamadali holida ishlatamiz)
The flowers were delivered on time – Gullar o’z vaqtida yetkazildi
3.
To’ldiruvchiga e’tiborni qaratish kerak bolsa. Bunda ish
bajaruvchisi muxim bo’lmaydi va focus toldiruvchiga
qaratiladi
.
Bu misolga etibor bering
English speakers frequently use the passive voice – Ingliz tilida so’zlashuvchilar
tez tez majhul nisbatdan foydalanadi(Biz mavzumiz English speakers haqidamas
hozir Passive Voice o’tyotganimiz uchun biz e’tiborni passive voice so’ziga
qaratmoqchi bo’lsak)
The passive voice is frequently used by English speakers –Mahjul nisbat ingliz
tilida so’zlashuvchilar tomonida tez tez foydalaniladi
4. Avoid responsibility.- Javobgarlikdan qochish uchun. Ya’ni biror
ko’ngilsiz vaziyatda javobgarlikdan qo’chish uchun
a) Bu qovun tushirib qo’ysangiz vaziyatdan chiqib ketish uchun ishlatishingiz
mumkin. Siyosiy arboblar ko’pincha bundan foydalanadi
Mistakes were made- Xato qilindi(
siyosiy arboblar asosan shunaqa deydi)
Tasavur qiling agar bu Active voice bo’lganda qanday bo’lardi
I made mistakes – Men xato qildim(Bu javob ancha javobgarlikni
yuklaydi odamga)
b) Ko’ngilsiz vaziyatda aybdorni aytishni xoxlamasak
A lot of mistakes have been made. instead of “You have made a lot of mistakes”–
( Ko’p xato qilindi biz buyerda Siz ko’p xato qildingiz deyishni o’rniga Passive
Voice foydalanyabmiz.)
6 ta qadam bilan Active voice ni Passive voice aylantirish
Active voice gap: Children ate the cake
1-qadam
Ega-Children, fe’l – ate, to’ldiruvchi - the
cake
Siz aktiv gapning egasini
fe’lini va to’ldiruvchisni
aniqlab olishiz kerak.
2-qadam
Yangi gapning egasi- the cake
Siz to’ldiruvchini yangi
gapning egasi qilishiz kerak.
3-qadam
“Children ate the cake- ate fe’lning o’tgan
zamon shakli. Gap albatta o’tgan zamonda
Aktiv gapning zamoni
aniqlashingiz kerak
4- qadam
The cake was
Siz yangi gapning egasidan
keyin, aktiv gapning
zamoniga mos to be
qo’yishingiz kerak. Buyerda
aktiv gap o’tgan zamonda va
siz to be ning o’tgan zamon
shaklini qo’yishingiz kerak
5-qadam
The cake was eaten
To be dan kegin aktiv
gapning asosiy fe’lini P.P
shaklini ishlatishiz kerak.
Aktiv gapda asosiy fe’l ate
edi bu felning P.P shakli
eaten bo’ladi
6-qadam
The cake was eaten by children
Aktiv gapning egasini by
predlogi orqali qo’yamiz
Yana bir misolni ko’rib chiqamiz
Someone has stolen my car
1 –Qadam :Ega-Someone, fe’l- has stolen, to’ldiruvchi-my car
2 Qadam: My car
3 Qadam :Present Perfect
4 Qadam :My car has been
5 Qadam : Stolen-P.P= stolen - My car has been stolen
6 Qadam :By someone
Passive voice: My car has been stolen by someone
@InglizEnglish kanali uchun maxsus
Nomozov Boysoat
