1(a)From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: physiological
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IBM ANSWERS
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RuzD, 1(a)From the bottom of the hierarchy upwards, the needs are: physiological (food and clothing), safety (job security), love and belonging needs (friendship), esteem, and self-actualization. Needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up .2(a)Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large 2(b)Consumer wants and needs, which correspond to the product in the marketing mix. Cost, which corresponds to the price in the marketing mix. Convenience to buy, which corresponds to the place in the marketing mix. Communication, which corresponds to the promotion in the marketing mix .3(a)While manufacturing operations focus on producing goods and storing them at a warehouse before delivering them to customers, service-providing operations facilitate simultaneous production and consumption of services. 3(b) Some of the advantages that come from these technologies include increased productivity, higher rates of production, better quality service, and the efficient use of materials. 4(a)Upper managements such as the chief executive officers (CEO), the chief financial officer (CFO), the chief operating officer (COO), the chief technology officer (CTO), the chief marketing officer (CMO), the directors, the presidents, the senior vice presidents, the vice presidents, the sales managers, and many others are charged with being the role models, supporters, the enforcers, the implementers, and the delegators of social responsibility. In other words, social responsibility usually comes from the top, with the highest-level managers encouraging their subordinates to act with social responsibility. This is usually done through the company’s mission and vision statements, implementations of internal controls, and specific goals laid out in the business plan. 4(b)There are four kinds of social responsibility: legal, ethical, economic and philanthropic 5(a)Advantages And Disadvantages Of Specialization It Increases The Efficiency. In specialization, jobs and duties are divided among the employees according to their skills and abilities. ... Less Errors And Mistakes. ... Time Saving. ... It Saves Costs. ... Less Supervision and Control. ... Monotonous Work. ... Increased Expenses. ... It Lacks Flexibility. 5(b)Advantages Of Product Departmentation Major benefits of departmentation by product and services are as follows: 1. Product departmentation follow the principle of specialization in a product or services. It ensures better quality of the product. 2. Because of specialization it ensures optimum utilization of human and non human resources. 3. Large manufacturing firms can be benefited from product departmentation. 4. Departmentation by product and service helps in evaluating the performance of each department. This helps to control organization easily. 5. Top level manager has enough time for planning and decision making because all departments are handled by departmental managers. 6. Production departmentation is flexible in nature. It is easy to add new product line if needed. 7. Product departmentation helps to improve skill and talent of managers. Major drawbacks of departmentation by products and services are as follows: 1. There is high chance of conflict between different departments. 2. Due to low demand, resources may not be fully utilized. 3. Top level management has to face difficulty to control production division. 4. Departmental managers and supervisors may ignore overall organizational objectives because they focus only on their department. 5. It is very costly and not suitable for small and medium sized firms 1()..Maslow's Theory is a general theory on motivation which states that the urge to satisfy needs is the most important factor in motivation. Herzberg's Theory on motivation says that there are various factors existing at the workplace that causes job satisfaction or dissatisfaction. 2()..Span of control, also called span of management, is the term used in business management, particularly human resource management. The term refers to the number of subordinates or direct reports a supervisor is responsible for. 2().. A wide span of control means the manager supervises many direct reports, while the narrow span of control, means the manager supervises fewer employees. A wide span of control is essentially a higher span of control which implies a flat structure, or an organizational structure with fewer layers of management. 3()...Digital media has had the following direct impacts on the marketing mix: Advertising recognition and avoidance: Many digital streams have advertisement blockers or allow users to opt out of seeing certain ads. Companies must develop methods to advertise despite these obstacles. 3()..Ways Digital Marketing is Cost-Effective Retargeting Ads. ... Social Selling Can Connect & Convert. ... Yield a High Return on Investment (ROI) ... Pay-Per-Click Gets to an Audience Sooner. ... Customer Acquisition Costs. ... Low-Cost Content and Customer Engagement. ... Brand Awareness on a Budget. ... Take Advantage of Social Media Influencing 4()..
Discrimination and harassment Abuse of leadership Compliance Accounting Employee theft Social media Data privacy Nepotism 4().. Develop a code, and make ethical performance a strategic priority. ... Set the tone from the top. ... Engage, communicate and train your staff. ... Provide support routes for staff. ... Measure effectiveness of your ethics programme. 5()..
1./ The three most important resources to be managed are information technology, finance and human resources. At the most fundamental level, management is a discipline that consists of a set of five general functions: planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling. 2./ Develop a code, and make ethical performance a strategic priority. A relevant code of ethics, conduct or similar policy that sets clear objectives, standards and expectations is a key requirement for ethical performance. A code needs to be supported by a focus on ethical performance in wider decision making. Set the tone from the top. Senior management teams must show leadership and be seen to live the organisation’s ethical values. Only once that happens can employees get in step and ensure the whole organisation lives those values. Engage, communicate and train your staff. Engage staff and other stakeholders such as suppliers, investors, regulators and consumer communities, through effective and informative communication. Good, regular and consistent communication and training will help to embed an ethical culture. Provide support routes for staff. Organisations need to develop clear routes for reporting suspected fraud and violation of company policies on ethical behaviour. Too many organisations are weak in this regard and must adopt a zero-toleDevelop a code, and make ethical performance a strategic priority. A relevant code of ethics, conduct or similar policy that sets clear objectives, standards and expectations is a key requirement for ethical performance. A code needs to be supported by a focus on ethical performance in wider decision making. Set the tone from the top. Senior management teams must show leadership and be seen to live the organisation’s ethical values. Only once that happens can employees get in step and ensure the whole organisation lives those values. Engage, communicate and train your staff. Engage staff and other stakeholders such as suppliers, investors, regulators and consumer communities, through effective and informative communication. Good, regular and consistent communication and training will help to embed an ethical culture. Provide support routes for staff. Organisations need to develop clear routes for reporting suspected fraud and violation of company policies on ethical behaviour. Too many organisations are weak in this regard and must adopt a zero-tole. 3./ Marketing concept is a set of strategies that the firms adopt where they analyse the needs of their customers and implement strategies to fulfil those needs which will result in an increase in sales, profit maximisation and also beat the existing competition Demographic, psychographic, behavioral and geographic segmentation are considered the four main types of market segmentation, but there are also many other strategies you can use, including numerous variations on the four main types. 4./ These forces are known as the PEST factors, an acronym for political, economic, social, and technological factors. 1. Technological factors As technology continues to advance, companies can benefit from these breakthroughs or face challenges in competing with them. 2. Economic factor The state of the economy plays an important role in every aspect of daily life from the well-being of personnel to the ability of a company to thrive. 3. Political and legal factors As political officials leave office and new ones replace them, the policies they implement often affect businesses in relevant industries. 4. Demographic factors Companies with successful products and services evaluate the demographics of their target market to ensure they meet the needs of those who benefit from their offerings. 5. Social factors Where people live, their personal values and their socioeconomic status affect what, where and why people make purchases 6. Competitive factors Businesses can increase their market share and stay relevant to their customers by keeping track of their competitors 7. Global factors Executives have a duty to keep track of both domestic and global issues, especially if they conduct business internationally. 8. Ethical factors Because each individual has a distinct concept of ethics and morality, some companies may find it challenging to balance the personal lives of staff members with their expectations in the workplace. 9. Natural factors As environmental awareness continues to grow, more consumers have realized the effects of business processes on the planet 5./An organization's culture defines the proper way to behave within the organization. This culture consists of shared beliefs and values established by leaders and then communicated and reinforced through various methods, ultimately shaping employee perceptions, behaviors and understanding. What is the meaning of delegation? The delegation of authority refers to the division of labor and decision-making responsibility to an individual that reports to a leader or manager. It is the organizational process of a manager dividing their own work among all their people. 1,,/ Sustainable business strategy is the integration of economic, environmental, and social aims into a firm's goals, activities, and planning, with the aim of creating long-term value for the firm, its stakeholders, and the wider society. Subjective 2,,/ 3,,/ Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. Demographic, psychographic, behavioral and geographic segmentation are considered the four main types of market segmentation 4,,/ 7 cultural factors you need to consider when choosing your next export market Material culture. ... Cultural preferences. ... Languages. ... Education. ... Religion. ... Ethics and values. ... Social organization. Direct Exporting. Direct exporting involves you directly exporting your goods and products to another overseas market. ... Licensing and Franchising. ... Joint Ventures. ... Strategic Acquisitions. ... Foreign Direct Investment. 5,,/ When talking about rewards, intrinsic rewards are those that originate from within the person, and extrinsic rewards are those that originate from something beyond the person. It should require a wide range of skills. A job requires a variety of skills and abilities. ... Employees should identify with the task. ... The job should be relevant to employees. ... Individual autonomy. ... Provide employee feedback. /1/ /2/ However, the business owner is personally liable for all debts incurred by the business." Examples of sole proprietors include small businesses such as, a local grocery store, a local clothes store, an artist, freelance writer, IT consultant, freelance graphic designer. Sole proprietorship is a fascinating form of business, but it comes with its own set of limitations. It is suited to certain occupations and it allows complete control over decision making and profit-sharing. Still, there is also a risk of considerable liabilities in case of failure of a business. /3/ The most common reasons small businesses fail include a lack of capital or funding, retaining an inadequate management team, a faulty infrastructure or business model, and unsuccessful marketing initiatives. Subjective /4/ Download 1.04 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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