Content introduction main part

CONTENT
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………......3
MAIN PART
1.Difference between modern and ancient detective genre………………………7
2.The main characters of the detective genre……………………………………..14
3. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle`s contribution to the detective genre………………..18
4. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s writing career and the stories of Sherlock Holmes...22
CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..28
REFERENCES ……………………………………………………..…………...30

INTRODUCTION

Crime fiction has been one of the most popular literary genres for centuries, but where did the genre come from? Why do mystery, suspense, and detective fiction become such a big part of literature and popular culture? And how did the detective genre change in the last 200+ years

Crime novels can be traced back to the 19^th century around the time of the industrial Revolution. Before this time, most people lived in smaller towns and worked and socialized in narrow circles, so people mostly knew everyone they came into contact with. But with the advent of industrial jobs, more and more people moved to the cities, resulting in their dealings with more strangers on a daily basis, a heightened sense of mistrust and insecurity and yes, more crime. It was also that police forces were set up for the first time. The London police force was founded in 1829 and New York City got its police force in 1845. As more people live in cities and crime rates rise, the setting for detective genres to flourish was right.

Edgar Allan Poe's The Murders in the Rue Morgue is often considered the first modern detective story, a short story published in 1841 that introduced the world to private detective Monsieur C. Auguste Dupin. When Dupin entered the literary world, crime fiction was so new that the word "detective" had not even been used in English before. The first crime novel soon followed with the novel by British author Wilkie Collins. The story was first published in Charles Dickens's magazine All the Year Round. And in 1868 it was published as a complete novel. This novel is significant not only because it is the first detective novel, but also because it established many of the classic tropes and attributes of detective fiction. Moonstone's detective character, Sergeant Cuff, was based on real-life detective Inspector Jonathan Witcher, one of Scotland Yard's very first detectives.
However, the detective character who has shaped our understanding of literary detectives to this day is probably someone you've already guessed: Sherlock Holmes. Not only is he the most famous detective character ever written, but Sherlock Holmes is also one of the most popular characters in fiction of all time. Holmes was partly inspired by Poe's detective Dupin, but he was also based on a real man: Dr Joseph Bell. Bell was a surgeon and lecturer at the University of Edinburgh. Sherlock Holmes author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle met Dr Bell in 1877, and Doyle said he modelled Holmes' quick wit and intelligence on Bell. The first Sherlock Holmes novel, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in 1887, and Doyle continued to write Sherlock Holmes novels and short stories until about 1927.
The years 1920 to 1939 have been called the golden age of crime fiction. And the queen of his time was Agatha Christie. During her lifetime, Agatha Christie wrote sixty-six crime novels and fourteen collections of short stories. Her novel And Then There Were None remains one of the best-selling books of all time, and as of 2018, Christie is the best-selling novelist of all time in the Guinness Book of World Records. Christie is responsible for creating two of the most famous detectives in literary history: Hercule Poirot and Miss Marple. These detective characters have had a major impact on contemporary crime writers. Christie and other authors from the Golden Age of detective fiction created a legacy of detective fiction based on collecting clues and solving crimes as if they were puzzles for the reader to solve with the detective. In contemporary literature, this style has evolved into what we now call cosy mysteries. In response to the Golden Age writers, some American authors began to examine and reconsider the formula for detective fiction. Many people began to see crime novels as too unrealistic and clean to solve mysteries. These writers and their readers were looking for crime novels that were more based on reality and the way real crimes happen. And so the hard-nosed detective genre was born. These stories were about detectives dealing with corrupt police officers and organized crime. Hard-boiled crime novels create a world where everyone is for themselves and the detective can't trust anyone. While hard-boiled crime novels were already emerging in the 1920s, the detective genre took off in America in the 1930s-1950s. One of the most popular hard-nosed detective stories of this era is Raymond Chandler's The Big Sleep, the novel that introduced readers to detective Philip Marlowe. This character would later appear in many of Chandler's short stories and novels. And you will also find many film adaptations starring this hardened detective. That brings us to where we are today with fictional detectives in contemporary crime fiction. Today, mystery and suspense fiction are more popular than ever. That means there's room for many types of detective genres that cater to readers' specific tastes and interests. If you're looking for supernatural detective stories, they're out there. If you like the realism and grittiness of the hard-nosed detective genre, it's still out there. If you want to revisit well-known and popular detective characters, there are many newer adaptations of classic detectives