Problem solving through programming (18escs01)

PROBLEM SOLVING THROUGH PROGRAMMING (18ESCS01)

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UNIT-3: ARRAYS & STRINGS

ARRAYS AND STRINGS

• ARRAYS
• DECLARATION OF ARRAYS
• INITIALIZATION OF ARRAYS
• ONE-DIMENTIONAL & TWO-DIMENTIONAL ARRAYS
• STRINGS
• STRING OPERATIONS
• STRING ARRAYS

• SIMPLE OPERATIONS – SORTING & SEARCHING –

MATRIX OPERATIONS

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ARRAYS

• Array is a data structure that can store a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type.
• An array is defined as finite ordered collection of homogenous data (of same type), stored in contiguous memory locations.
• The lowest address corresponds to the first element and the highest address to the last element.

• Examples where arrays are applicable:
• Used to store list of Employee or Student names.
• Used to store marks of students,
• Or to store list of numbers or characters etc.

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DECLARATION OF ARRAYS

• General form of array declaration is:

• int -> is the data type,

arr ->is the name of the array and
10 -> is the size of array [0 to size – 1]. It means
array ’arr’ can only contain 10 elements of int type.

data-type array_name[array_size];
/* Example of array declaration */ int arr[10];

INITIALIZATION OF ARRAYS

• We can initialize an array in ‘C’ either one by one or using a single statement as:

• The number of values between braces { } cannot be larger than the number of elements that we declare for the array between square brackets [ ].

int a[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
float balance[5] = {1000.0, 2.0, 3.4, 7.0, 50.0};