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Outline - An Overview of the Nervous System
- The Peripheral Nervous System
- The Spinal Cord
- The Brainstem
- The Cerebellum
- The Diencephalon
- The Telencephalon
- Uniting the Inside and Outside Worlds
An Overview of the Nervous System Why Put Your Neurons in a Brain At All? - The nervous system is made of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
- Bilateral symmetry provides several survival advantages.
- For animals with bilateral symmetry, a centrally-located nervous system is more efficient.
The Common Features of Every Central Nervous System - Precursors of neurons evolved about 600 million years ago.
- Neuronal circuits first appeared about 500 – 550 million years ago.
- Similar genes and proteins are used in many animals to guide the development of the nervous system.
The Common Features of Every Central Nervous System The Common Features of Every Central Nervous System - Central nervous system interacts with the rest of the body via the peripheral nervous system.
- The brain develops from three bulges
- Prosencephalon (forebrain)
- Mesencephalon (midbrain)
- Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
- These bulges subdivide to form the adult brain.
The Common Features of Every Central Nervous System The Common Features of Every Central Nervous System - All neurons connect to and interact with other neurons.
- The function of the neuron within the nervous system depends on the connections to that neuron.
- The functions and structure of the brain have been shaped by evolution.
Getting Oriented in the Brain - There are specialized terms for directions within the nervous system
- Rostral – Caudal: Nose – tail axis
- Dorsal – Ventral: Back – belly axis
- Anterior – Posterior: Front – back axis
- Superior – Inferior: Top – bottom axis
Getting Oriented in the Brain Getting Oriented in the Brain Getting Oriented in the Brain - Three common planes are used to describe images of the brain.
- Axial: A horizontal slice, parallel to the floor when standing up, from the front to the back of the brain.
- Sagittal: A vertical slice through the brain, separating the left side from the right side.
- Frontal (Coronal): A vertical slice, separating the front from the back of the brain.
Getting Oriented in the Brain The Peripheral Nervous System
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