The silent way Kuldashova Aziza 2144 plan

The silent way
Kuldashova Aziza 2144
PLAN

• DEFINITION
• PRINCIPLES
• GOALS
• THEORY OF LANGUAGE
• PROCESS
• CONCLISION

WHAT IS THE SILENT WAY?

The SW is the name of a method of language teaching devised by Caleb Gattegno.
It is based on the idea that teachers should be as silent as possible during a class but learners should be encouraged to speak as much as possible.

Basic Premises of SW

There are three basic principles:

The learner needs to discover or create.

1

Learning is made easier by the use of physical objects such as Cuisenaire rods.

2

Learning is made easier by problem-solving using the target language.

3

Objectives of The SW

Near-native fluency in the target language.

The teacher facilitates the students’ and helps the students gain insight into the functioning of the language.

Learners autonomy and independence.

Theory of Language

• Language is seen as groups of sounds arbitrarily associated with specific meanings and organized into sentences or strings of meaningful units by grammar rules
• Language is separated from its social context and taught through artificial situations, usually represented by rods.
• Gattegno views language itself "as a substitute for experience, so experience is what gives meaning to language"
• Gattegno recommends that the learner needs to "return to the state of mind that characterizes a baby's learningsurrender“
• The "artificial approach" that Gattegno proposes is based on the Principle that successful learning involves commitment of the self to language acquisition through the use of silent awareness

What is the nature of student-teacher interaction?
What is the nature of student-student interaction?
S-T

• Teacher is silent, but active.
• She forces awareness
• She listens attentively to students’ speech
• She use nonverbal gestures and the tools.
• She gives clues.

S-S

• Student-student verbal interaction.
• Encourage
• Teacher is silent.

How is evaluation accomplished?

How does the teacher respond to student errors?

• No formal test
• Through observation
• No praise, no criticism

• The teacher doesn’t criticize errors, she uses them as a basis for deciding where further work is necessary.
• The teacher works with the students in getting them self-correct.

What is the role of the students’ native language?

It is used:

• To give instructions when necessary
• To help a student improve her pronunciation
• During feedback sessions
• To introduce new sounds in the target language.

Teacher 's roles

A technician or an engineer who facilitates learning/ neutral observer.

Teacher silently monitors learners' interactions with each other.

The teacher uses gestures, charts, and manipulates in order to elicit

& shape students' responses

"Teach, test, get out of the way"

Learner's roles

Learners are expected to develop independence, autonomy, and responsibility

The absence of correction and modelling requires students to develop “inner criteria” and to correct themselves

Learners work collectively rather than competitively

A learner should be a teacher, problem-solver, and a self-evaluator

Pedagogical materials

Word chart

Fidel charts

A pointer

Cuisenaire rods

Disadvantages

The learner works in isolation and communication is lacking badly in a Silent Way classroom.
With minimum help on the part of the teacher, the Silent Way method may put the Iearning itself at stake
The material ( the rods and the charts) used in this method will certainly fail to introduce all aspects of language. Other materials will have to be introduced

Advantages

Learning through problem solving looks attractive especially because it fosters creativity, discovery, increase in intelligent potency and long term memory
The indirect role of the teacher highlights the importance and the centrality of the learner who is responsible in figuring out and testing the hypotheses about how language works. In other words teaching is subordinated to learning
Activity
Make a sentences
1
2
3

Conclusion

The silent way is a language teaching method developed by Caleb Gattegno that emphasizes student involvement and discovery learning. The teacher uses minimal verbal explanations and instead relies on visual aids to help students understand new concepts. This allows students to learn at their own pace and figure out how the language works for themselves. Silent-way classes are typically very small so that each student can get individual attention from the teacher.
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