= 161. 2*362 (075. 8) К211 ббк [81. 2-2 Англ + 81. 2-2 Укр] я 73


Download 1.73 Mb.
bet60/151
Sana16.01.2023
Hajmi1.73 Mb.
#1096158
TuriПротокол
1   ...   56   57   58   59   60   61   62   63   ...   151
Bog'liq
knizhka Karamisheva

2) indirectly reflexive (непрямо зворотш: запасатися
(гжею), поратися (бгля печ1);

3) generally reflexive (загальнозворотш: смгятися, журитися);
4) objectless reflexive (безоб'ектно-зворотш: (корова)
б 'еться, (собака) кусаешься);

5) reciprocal-reflexive (взаемно зворотш: листуватися,
зустргчатися).

One more peculiar group of Ukrainian verbs is impersonal verbs (безособов1 д!еслова). From the semantic point of view they can be subdivided into the following groups:

  1. verbs of the physical state (д1еслова ({пзичного стану: морозить, трясе);

  2. verbs of the mental state (д1еслова псюачного стану: спиться, сниться);




  1. verbs denoting nature phenomena (щеслова, що означають явища природи: свгж1е, смеркае, похолодало);

  2. verbs denoting disasters (д1еслова, що означають стихшей явища: вигоргло, висушило, залило);

5) verbs denoting existence or the degree of availability
(щеслова, що означають буття, Mipy присутносп (вщсутност1):
сталося, минулося, бракуе);
128
6) verbs denoting success (щеслова ycnixy: пощастило, повелося) [15; 179].
Though based on grammatical meanings and categories, these classifications of verbs and the terms they involve will come in useful when we discuss the categories themselves and the functioning of verb grammemes in speech.
The overwhelming majority of English verbs resemble the verb ask in building their "past form" and "Participle II form" that is with the help of the suffix -ed and therefore they are called standard of regular.
Some two hundred verbs deviate from the standard verbs and are called non-standard or irregular. They do not present a uniform group. Some of them resemble the verb write (speak, drive, eat, etc.)-Others form the "past" and "Participle II" without affixation (cut, put, shed, etc.). Still others use both vowel and consonant change and affixation to for the "past" and "Participle II" forms. Some make use of suppletivity (go, be, etc.).
As we see, the difference between the standard and the non' standard verbs is purely formal. We should therefore call this classification formal rather than morphological as the tradition goes.
Semantically verbs are divided into notional and semi' notional. Some linguists speak also of the third group, auxiliary verbs? completely devoid of lexical meanings, as, for instance, has in haS -written. As shown, they are words in form only. As to their meaning and function they are grammatical morphemes, parts of analytical words, hence the name - grammatical word-morphemes. In Ukrainian the analytical verb form of the future tense can be regarded as an example of this type: буду читати.
The majority of English as well as Ukrainian verbs are notional that is they possess full lexical meaning. Connected with it is theif isolatability, that is the ability to make a sentence alone (Cornel Read' Приходъ! Читай!). Their combinability is variable.

Download 1.73 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   56   57   58   59   60   61   62   63   ...   151




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling