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Allomorphic classes of pronouns in English and


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knizhka Karamisheva

7. Allomorphic classes of pronouns in English and
Ukrainian languages
English reciprocal pronouns are the group pronouns - each other and one another. They serve to express mutuality, as in They helped each other or (one another), or point out towards the common and reciprocal character of the activity of two or more persons as the subject and the object of the action. In Ukrainian they have the correspondent pronoun word combination один одного.
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English reciprocal pronouns have the same cases as nouns (e.g.: the possessive case each other's hand). They are used mainly in the function of object or attribute. These pronouns always retain their lexical meaning and do not perform functions characteristic of functional parts of speech. Prepositions referring to them are always placed before the first element (each or one), e.g.: about each other "один про одного", for each other "один для одного", with one another "один з одним". This witnesses the fact that English reciprocal pronouns are of the bigger semantic unity, than the corresponding Ukrainian combination.
In some cases the English verb with the pronoun each other (one another) has as the Ukrainian correspondence the verb with the suffix -ся, which has a reciprocal-reflective meaning, e.g.:
They kissed each other. — Вони поцыувалися.
They never met each other. - Вони школи не зустр1чаютъся.
But in the mentioned cases the usage of pronouns each other and one another is not obligatory in English sentences [5; 68].
Ukrainian defining pronouns (означальш займенники) увесь (ввесь, весь), усякий (всякий), кожний (кожен), жодний (жоден), шший, сам, самий are used in the sentence in the role of generalizing-qualitative attributes (узагальнено-якюш означения), besides in the process of substantivation they can be used in the function of subjects and objects. Ukrainian defining pronouns possess the categories of gender, number and case, e.g.: увесь, усе, уся, yd; увесь, усъого, усьому, уст, на всъому [15; 164].

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