1. linguistic typology

The typological meaning is an abstract generalized cross-language meaning which is used as a base for comparison of languages. Examples of the typological meaning: quantity, quality, temporality, personality, location, relativity, relationship, color, age, mutuality, diminution, causation, etc.
The typological form is varied into cross level and cross-class. The cross level means of the typological form can relate to each other as cross level synonyms in one language and cross language correspondents in compared languages. Typological forms may be explicit, i.e. they might be expressed by special markers, or implicit, i.e expressed by the stem of the word.
The typological form may be represented in the following way.
On the morphological level it is represented by synthetic forms (affixes, inner flexion, etc) and analytical form (auxiliary word, functional parts of speech, etc). On the lexical level it can be represented by root morphemes, derivational affixes, compound and composite words. On syntactic level the typological form can be represented by combinations of words or by the sentence.
2. THE CROSS-LEVEL CHARACTER
The cross-level character of the typological category is displayed through partici­pation of units belonging to different levels of language hierarchy in the expression of a certain typological category. Invention of cross-level means of expression is needed to describe systems of each compared language separately.
The typological category can be expressed on a number of levels simultaneously. Still one of the levels might be considered as dominant. For example , if a language has explicit morphological means of expressing a certain typological meaning, this level is taken as dominant, e.g. the category of number in English is expressed by the morpheme -(es,s) or in Uzbek - by the morpheme - lar.
The dominant levels in compared languages may or may not coincide thus condi­tioning the level of genetic and/or typological closeness of compared languages. In the process of categorization the most abstract means of expression are considered dominant while the others are looked at as peripheral.
In English the typological category of voice is expressed by various typological forms with different extent of abstraction:
a) Fully abstract: be+V (en) = to be written;
b) Partially abstract: get, become, remain + V (ed) = to become educated. Reflexive voice:
English:
Semi-abstract: V + oneself: She washed herself
Lexical: self-accusation: She dressed.