- Minimal etalon language can be expressed by:
- 1. A special abstract system made for comparison;
- 2. Some artificial language made for comparison;
- 3. Special linguistic methods;
- 4. Grammatical, lexical and other linguistic categories;
- 5.Typological categories;
- 6. Concrete language;
- 7. Semantic fields;
- 8. Different features concerning the phonetic and grammatical pecularities.
Typological classification. There are two types of classification of languages in linguistics: Genealogical, which studies etic units: concrete sounds, words, syntactic units and so on. According to this classification languages are grouped into the families, such as Indo-European, Semitic, Altaic and so on. Typological classification is introduced by several linguists who treated languages not according to their genetic backgrounds, thes are W. Humboldt, E. Sapir, F. Fortunatov. Accordiyg to the opinion of these linguists languages are classified in to 5 types: - Typological classification. There are two types of classification of languages in linguistics: Genealogical, which studies etic units: concrete sounds, words, syntactic units and so on. According to this classification languages are grouped into the families, such as Indo-European, Semitic, Altaic and so on. Typological classification is introduced by several linguists who treated languages not according to their genetic backgrounds, thes are W. Humboldt, E. Sapir, F. Fortunatov. Accordiyg to the opinion of these linguists languages are classified in to 5 types:
- 1. Isolated
- 2. Agglutinated
- 3. Inflected
- 4. Polysynthetic
- 5. Agglutinated – inflected
- The main criterion for this type of classification is the means of expression of synthetic relations amond words in the sentence. According to their relations they may use different means, for example, inflections, functions words intonation word order, saund interchange, stress and so on.
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