A review of approaches to assessing writing at the end of primary education
Part 1 sets out how writing might be conceptualised, which is necessary to inform
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International primary writing review - FINAL 28.03.2019
Part 1 sets out how writing might be conceptualised, which is necessary to inform thinking on how different aspects of writing might be covered in an assessment. It considers how writing tends to be more formal than spoken language, is usually produced in the absence of immediate audience feedback, meaning that the writer must anticipate potential issues with audience understanding and/or engagement. It also discusses how writing is usually defined in terms of both technical (eg grammar, punctuation) and compositional skills (eg content and style). While there are several different aspects of writing, assessments need not necessarily focus on all of them. It will largely depend on the purpose(s) of the assessment being designed. Part 2 reviews the history of writing assessment under the National Curriculum in England, focussing on Key Stage 2 (KS2) assessments taken at the end of the primary stage. In particular, this review shows that a number of different approaches have been taken. For example, KS2 writing was initially assessed both by external tests and by teacher assessment in 1995-2012, becoming solely teacher assessed from 2013 onwards (with a separate grammar, punctuation, and spelling [GPS] test). The main writing assessment focussed on the production of extended responses throughout this time, with the GPS test including short items focused on specific technical skills). A greater number of changes were made in the approaches taken to marking/judging. In summary, it was originally intended that writing should be judged according to several ‘statements of attainment’. However, this was felt to be too burdensome for the first Key Stage 1 and 3 assessments (1991-1994; which pre- dated KS2 assessments), encouraging a ‘tick-list’ approach. As such, a best-fit model, using more holistic descriptors, was therefore adopted for KS2 assessments in 1995-2012. Concerns were then raised that this approach was too flexible, and did not ensure full coverage of the curriculum as intended. A secure-fit (mastery) model was therefore adopted in 2016, which reflected a move back towards the old statements of attainment (each standard was described by a number of statements, all of which needed to be met to achieve that standard). Similar to earlier debates, however, the inflexible nature of this approach again became a concern, leading to the introduction of some flexibility in 2018 (for pupils otherwise securely working at a Download 0.91 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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