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(Re) Construction of Identities in Digital Learning Environments: A Case of
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- Student Teachers’ and Teacher Educators’ Reflections on Foreign Language Listening Anxiety
- The Effect of Performance Tasks on Teaching English Vocabulary Derya Kılıç deeniiz4@hotmail.com
- ELT Student Teachers Perceptions about Learner Autonomy in a Turkish State University
- A Study on Pre-Service Teachers’ Emotions in a Turkish Context
- Questioning in Primary School Mathematics: An Analysis Of Questions Teachers Ask in Mathematics Lessons
- Teacher Training and the Case of International Baccalaureate Organization: The Emergence of a New Teachers’ Professional Identity in Light of New Modes
- In-Service Teacher Continuing Training in Greece: An Overview of Institutional Training
(Re) Construction of Identities in Digital Learning Environments: A Case of Luganda Language Education Teacher-Trainees at Makerere University David Kabugo kabugodavids@gmail.com Fred Masagazi Masaazi Anthony Muwagagga Mugagga At various educational institutions in Uganda and beyond, the use of digital learning environments is on the rise with the intent to transform students’ learning. One of the key indicators of transformation in students’ learning is the ability of students to utilize digital learning environments to produce learning artefacts that embody, enact and perpetuate their identities. Although digital learning environments have potential to retain artefacts of students’ learning, questions regarding the nature of identities that such artefacts enact and perpetuate, remain underexplored. In this chapter, we report on how we utilized Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze the learning artefacts that Language Education teacher-trainees at Makerere University created in a semester-long course that was mediated by Wikispaces. Results show that engagement in production of learning artefacts using Wikispaces enacted and perpetuated trainees’ cultural, natural, institutional, professional, affinitive, and discursive identities. Keywords: Emerging Technologies (ETs), Online Learning Artefacts, Digital Identities, and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 51 Student Teachers’ and Teacher Educators’ Reflections on Foreign Language Listening Anxiety Demet Yayli demety@pau.edu.tr Listening comprehension plays an unarguably huge role in communication. Since listening comprehension is at the heart of L2 learning, the development of second language (L2) listening skills influences the development of other skills (Dunkel, 1991). In spite of the huge role listening plays in communication, L2 listening comprehension is “the least researched of all four language skills” (Vandergrift, 2007, p. 191). In order to provide an effective L2 listening instruction, teachers must have a meticulous understanding of different dimensions of listening skill. As we all know “[a] narrow focus on the right answer to comprehension questions (product) does little help students understand and control the process leading to comprehension” in listening (Vandergrift, 2007, p. 191). The ubiquity of anxious learners in foreign language (FL) classes and potentially detrimental effects of anxiety on learners deserve a strong concern by teachers. Language anxiety is described as “the feeling of tension and apprehension specifically associated with second language contexts, including speaking, listening and learning” (MacIntyre & Gardner, 1994). Teachers and students generally feel that anxiety is an obstacle to L2 learning. Therefore, some foreign language teaching methods like Community Language Learning and Suggestopedia provide ways to reduce learner anxiety in language classrooms. According to MacIntyre and Gardner (1989), language anxiety develops if students experience negative emotions and attitudes in FL learning environments. And when these negative experiences persist, students perform poorly and this causes a negative impact on students’ learning. The present research is, therefore, intended to report on listening anxiety experienced in language classes. A group of student teachers and teacher educators participated in this study to reflect on their own and their students’ listening anxiety. Possible causes and effects of listening anxiety and ways of dealing with it were searched through a semi-structured interview with a group of student teachers studying in an ELT program at a state university in Turkey. Also, I interviewed a group of volunteering teacher educators who worked in an ELT program and instructed listening classes to capture their views on their students’ listening anxiety. The views gathered will be discussed in the light of the existing research and some implications will be provided. Keywords: Foreign Language Education, Foreign Language Listening Anxiety, English Language Teaching, Teacher Education 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 52 The Effect of Performance Tasks on Teaching English Vocabulary Derya Kılıç deeniiz4@hotmail.com This study was carried out to investigate the effect of performance tasks on teaching English vocabulary. It was conducted with the participation of 7 th grade students. In this study, quasi experimental design with control group and qualitative data were collected by conducting interviews with students and teacher observations. The teaching-learning process in the experimental group was carried out by introducing performance tasks. In this test, the students were asked to find out Turkish meanings and word classes of English vocabularies. Their answers were scored separately including their Turkish meanings and word classes. In comparison of experimental and control groups’ success points, dependent and unrelated t-test was used. The research’s qualitative data obtained from students’ opinions and teacher observations were analyzed descriptively. In this examination, units with the same meaning were grouped under a common code by bringing them together. Data obtained from teacher’s observation were recorded by writing them individually and they were analyzed descriptively, too. The study was carried out within the creating ‘classroom vocabulary notebook’ performance task and limited to the vocabulary items in unit ‘computers’. Experimental group consisting of 29 students were divided into 3 groups and these words were distributed to each group equally. Students were asked to learn their own words and teach them to other students. The aim was to enable students learn and teach vocabulary extracurricularly. 27 students were involved in control group of research and traditional teaching methods were used in the teaching-learning process of this group. Students in the experimental group reached 5.62 average score at beginning of the study and 22.14 average score at the end of the study. At the end of the study, the pre-test and post-test scores were compared by t-test and it was indicated that such activities were more effective in students’ learning Turkish meanings and word classes of English vocabularies. Traditional teaching-learning activities performed in the control group increased the students' average score from 8.78 to 9.22. In addition, students’ views suggested that performance tasks contributed positively to students’ developing collaboration skills and their learning in an effective and enjoyable way. On the other hand, according to teachers’ observations, it was noted that students had difficulty in group work activities such as performance tasks in terms of collaboration, taking the responsibility of their own learning and teaching, and task sharing. Keywords: Performance task, teaching vocabulary techniques, cooperative learning, teaching vocabulary, peer teaching 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 53 ELT Student Teachers' Perceptions about Learner Autonomy in a Turkish State University Derya Oktar Ergür ergurderya@gmail.com Learner autonomy has grown fast over the last three decades as an area of interest in language learning and teaching process with a change from teacher-centeredness to learner- centeredness in education. Benson (2001:7) suggests that learner autonomy has become a precondition for effective learning. Based on this idea, it is imperative that teachers and foreign language curriculum designers benefit from the implementation of learner autonomy in their actual classroom environments to help their students take more responsibility for their own learning process. However, in-service language teachers still struggle with the ways to promote learner autonomy or at least to encourage their students to grasp the meaning of autonomy in their learning environments (Dickinson, 1992; Nunan, 1997; Littlewood, 1997; Brajcich, 2000; Hurd, Beaven and Ortega, 2001). There is evidence in research studies to support the claim that increasing the level of learner control will increase the level of self-determination, thereby increasing overall motivation in the development of learner autonomy. Therefore it is vital that students be involved in making decisions about their own learning process. In this process as Barfield (2001:3) argues, teachers have a crucial role since the ability to behave autonomously for students is dependent upon their teachers’ creating a classroom where autonomy is accepted as a culture. Therefore, without any autonomy-oriented training, language teachers may experience difficulties in creating such a classroom culture. On the basis of this framework, it can be easily said that language teachers need to experience autonomous skills during their teacher training so that they will be equipped with the necessary skills of learner autonomy before they graduate. The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of ELT student teachers’ perceptions about learner autonomy in Hacettepe University context and to provide some suggestions to the teacher educators at ELT Departments. The study employed a survey- based collection on 94 senior student teachers at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. The quantitative data were derived by a questionnaire developed by Camilleri (1997) consisting of fifteen items on a five-point scale of agreement. A demographic information form was included to get some data about the student teachers’ gender, proficiency level in English and cumulative academic average. In addition, to strengthen the study design, the respondents were also asked to share their insights and views regarding their perceptions of learner autonomy, the importance of autonomy, strategies that can be used in and outside the classroom and the teaching and learning environment in Turkey. Quantitative data was presented by using descriptive statistics (the percentages of responses) and the results of the statistical analysis were found using SPSS 15 for Windows. Qualitative data was analyzed by representing the frequencies. In the light of the findings, some recommendations about the various components of learning- teaching process were given to the teacher educators. Keywords: ELT student teachers, learner autonomy, perceptions, Turkey 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 54 A Study on Pre-Service Teachers’ Emotions in a Turkish Context Derya Yayli dyayli@pau.edu.tr The issue of identity formation in teacher education research has recently grown interest in teacher emotions. The individual and professional development of teachers is now believed to have a lot to do with positive and negative emotions as emotions account for commitment to change. Thus studying emotions could provide us with a deep insight into the procedures through which in-service and pre-service teachers change, construct and co-construct their identities. With this asset in mind, this study aims to investigate the emotions of pre-service teachers of Turkish language at a state university in Turkey. Despite numerous studies in the literature, no studies have been carried out in the Turkish context. Some research to be conducted in different settings like Turkey could make a contribution to the field of teacher education. This study, therefore, looks into the emotions of 11 pre-service teachers in the spring term as they perform their teaching at schools. Participants have an age average of 21.65, and 7 of them are female and 4 are male. The data were collected through journals and face to face semi-structured interviews. They volunteered to keep journals throughout the spring term and were interviewed at the beginning and at the end of the term. In their journals, they made weekly entries about how their emotions changed and developed during the period of faculty-school collaboration. They were asked to make their reflections and stances as critical as they could. For the rest of the study, a content analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data. The codes and themes will be obtained from the analysis and comments will be made with reference to the literature. For the reliability of the study, another researcher from the field will be consulted. If there is any disagreement about the coding, the related points will be negotiated. The findings from the study will be discussed and implications for teacher education and further research will be made. Keywords: pre-service teacher educations; identity development; emotions 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 55 Questioning in Primary School Mathematics: An Analysis Of Questions Teachers Ask in Mathematics Lessons Despina Desli ddesli@eled.auth.gr Elisavet Galanopoulou Research examining teacher questioning has shown the importance of the kinds of questions teachers ask. In particular, effective questioning has been linked with argumentation and classroom communication as well as with promoting students’ understanding and learning, extending students’ ideas and helping them to construct scientific knowledge. The purpose of the present study was to examine the place and frequency of questions addressed by primary school teachers to children when teaching mathematics. For this purpose, observation took place with two experienced in-service primary school teachers in the course of four mathematics lessons in order: a) to identify whether three types of questions, namely probing, guiding and factual questions, were implemented in their classes and b) to study the frequency of these three types of questions. Interviews were also conducted to further investigate teachers’ perceptions of questioning in mathematics as well as issues related to reasons for asking particular types of questions in mathematics lessons. Observation data showed that probing questions (‘How do you know that…?’, ‘Can you explain why..?’) were rarely used by either teacher. One of the teachers asked more factual questions (‘What is the definition of …?’, ‘What number did you get to?’) overall than the other teacher who mostly posed guiding questions (‘What was your strategy?’, ‘What will you do next?’). In the interviews, both teachers recognized that particular parts of a lesson -in relation to the mathematical content involved- allow for particular types of questions asked by teachers. For example, asking probing questions were considered more appropriate for the summary part of a lesson, whereas factual questions for the introduction part of a lesson when checking previous knowledge was needed. Probing questions were highly valued by both teachers who believed that this type of questions gave children the opportunity to justify their ideas and improved their thinking, thus, they should be addressed more frequently in mathematics lessons. However, observation data revealed that the opposite really happened. As both teachers realize, the act of asking a question with specific indicators is cognitively demanding and requires that they know their learners’ mathematical knowledge well. Findings of the study reveal the importance of questioning in mathematics teaching and learning in the primary school. Keywords: Primary school mathematics, questions, teachers 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 56 Teacher Training and the Case of International Baccalaureate Organization: The Emergence of a New Teachers’ Professional Identity in Light of New Modes Of Global Governance in Education Despina Tsakiri tsakiri.despina@gmail.com Sofia Smyrni Dimitra Pavlina Nikita The modern competitive society seems to be dominated by a constant struggle for accumulation of knowledge, higher aims and achievements. Education plays the role of catalyst in this context. The commodification of knowledge at a global level not only by the nations but also by the international, economic and educational organizations appears to be a strong and sufficient condition that ensures participation in the globalized educational field. In that regard, International Baccalaureate (IB), which was the research topic of the present proposal, seems to be one of the key components of this field. The data collection included annual reviews retrieved from the IB Organisation (IBO) covering the period 2007-2013 which were put in the center of a documentary analysis. The overarching aim was to study the evolution of IB as an institution, to adumbrate the profile of the organization which is responsible for the implementation of the program and to investigate the role of IB in the current global educational field. A set of qualitative and quantitative data helped to shed light on various issues regarding international education and IB schools. However, of particular interest and with regard to the scope of this proposal is the profile of the teacher of IB schools as it emerged through the data analysis. The teacher seems to be considered as an invaluable component within the context of IB schools in their attempt to take the lead role in the context of international education. As a result, the continuous professional development (CPD) of teachers is a pivotal issue. In light of above, teacher training appears in the texts of all the reviews, particularly in the one of 2013 as a strategic priority for the IBO. Neoliberal ideas that foster a culture of competitiveness, the need to perform better, improve and be more effective, tend to infiltrate the CPD of teachers, which has become a tool to promote new forms of governance in education. Local and in-house training are waning and other types of training are reinforced, i.e. training that embodies the features of international education and which is delivered through networks and co-operations with governments and other international organizations. In the aftermath of this new dimension attributed to teacher training by IBO and within the new context for the CPD of teachers, a new teachers’ professional identity seems to rise which is aligned with and governed by the principles of the globalized educational field. Keywords: Teacher training, Continuous professional development, International Baccalaureate Organization, Professional identity, Global governance, Global Education Field 3 rd ISNITE 2015 International Symposium’ ‘New Issues on Teacher Education’ ‘September 11-13, 2015, University of Thessaly, Volos-Greece 57 In-Service Teacher Continuing Training in Greece: An Overview of Institutional Training Despoina Styla dstyla@uth.gr Aikaterini Michalopoulou Continuing training activities seek to update, develop and broaden the knowledge teachers acquired during the initial teacher education and provide them with new skills and professional understanding. It is necessary for teachers to update their skills, especially in the context in which the school situation has changed (introduction of new curriculum, new research on teaching, and adaptation to the changes in student needs due to socio-economic evolutions). Legislation, concerning teacher training in Greece, can be traced back to 1910 with the establishment of the “Didaskaleion”, a training institute for Secondary Education teachers (Official Gazette A152/22-4-1910), while in 1922, Law number 2857 (Official Gazette, A133/1- 8-1922) introduced training programs for Primary Education teachers at the University of Athens. The education reform of 1976 created professional teacher training schools for elementary and secondary teachers, called “SELDE-SELME”, which offered in-service training for one year. An attempt to improve the above teacher training system led to the setting up of a network of regional centers for professional training (known as PEKs). Their establishment was proposed in 1981, enacted in 1985 and implemented in 1992, for newly appointed teachers. Their training aimed to provide knowledge about the use of teaching methods, assessment and class management. A major innovation was the implementation, under Law number 2986 (Official Gazette, A24/13-2-2002), of the Teacher Training Agency (OEPEK), supervised by the Greek Minister of Education, responsible for setting training policy, coordinating and implementing training activities. This paper aims to present and analyze the above training institutes and compare them, in order to examine the problems teachers faced all those years throughout their training, within the framework of those institutes, and the progress (made or not) in the organization of Greek in-service training by those institutes. The results seem to be encouraging as far as the quality of the offered training is concerned and this is very important because teacher training has a significant impact on teachers’ behaviors, teaching skills and most of all on the students’ outcomes. Keywords: Greece, in-service, continuing, training, training institutes, problems, progress, quality. Download 5.07 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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