An analysis of the impact of industrial enterprises on the environment in the framework of modern projects

ISSN: 2776-0987
Volume 2, Issue 6, June, 2021
Methods 
The following methods are used to determine the composition and amount of pollutants 
in the exhaust gas streams: 
- Theoretical (balance);
- Calculation and analytical (experimental);
- Reporting-static.
The theoretical method allows to establish the composition and quantity of pollutants 
on the basis of drawing up thermal and material balances of technological processes 
taking into account the chemical composition and properties of raw materials, fuel, 
materials, structural and geometric features of units, technological parameters, 
processes that ensure maximum performance of units and data on specific emissions of 
pollutants of the operated equipment. [3] 
Results and discussion. In the Samarkand region, the following objects belong to the 
I category of environmental impact (high risk): LLC "Samarkand-NPK" 
"Samarqandkimyo" plant for the production of mineral fertilizer nitrogen-phosphorus-
potassium NPK, cement plants, plants for the production of asbestos slates, objects 
belonging to the II category of environmental impact (medium risk): Samarkand and 
Jambay grain processing plants, cotton refineries, oil depots, poultry farms, Samarkand 
gas supply Company, construction industry enterprises and a number of industrial 
enterprises.  
The location of the Samarkand Gas Supply Company is shown in Figure No. 1. 
Figure-1. Diagram of the location of the Samarkand gas supply company 
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ISSN: 2776-0987
Volume 2, Issue 6, June, 2021
The following departments belong to the enterprise "Samarkand International Airport": 
Airport terminal, administrative building, air traffic control, airfield service, airfield 
service is intended for the operational maintenance of the airfield. A detachment of 
paramilitary protection, the Service of fuels and lubricants (POL). The fuel and 
lubricants warehouse includes a warehouse of aviation fuel (for kerosene 1000 m3 8 
pcs., 75 m3 12 pcs. aviation gasoline 75 m3 7 pcs.) refueling point (SMI), comprising 
a fuel depot for the vehicles (for gasoline 25 m3 5 PCs, extraction petrol 75 m3 1 PCs, 
1 PCs 25 m3 to 25 m3 of diesel fuel 2 PCs., for the SSS 28 m3 1 PC, MMO 8 m3 1 
PCs.) and filling Ostrovok under a canopy for refueling vehicles. Aviation fuel is 
delivered to the warehouse via the railway from the Bukhara Oil Refinery. Gasoline, 
diesel fuel delivered to the warehouse to the vehicles of LLC "Marokandneftebaza". 
For refueling cars with gasoline and diesel fuel, fuel pumps are installed on the filling 
island – 5 pcs. Formed waste oil sludge from tank cleaning, the filtrate from the 
filtration of fuel oil contaminated sand. Department of Operation of Ground Structures 
(OENS), service of search and emergency flight support (SPASOP), service of special 
transport (SST), Service of sanitary maintenance (SRT), service of electric lighting 
support of flights( ESTOP), checkpoint, pass office and Apron-technical team (PTB). 
[4] 
At the moment, the surveyed industrial and construction companies will be able to 
create a database on ventilation networks, dust collection equipment and give 
recommendations on reducing dust emissions by analyzing atmospheric dust. As part 
of this study, the laboratory of microclimate and environmental protection of 
Samarkand State Institute of Architecture and Construction analyzes pollutants in the 
atmosphere based on long-term data on water, soil and atmospheric air. For the first 
time, a comprehensive analysis of dust and other pollutants emitted into the 
environment by industrial and industrial enterprises is carried out.
As a result of the conducted studies, 66 sources of emission of pollutants into the 
atmosphere were identified, of which 46 were organized sources. From these sources, 
37.1216 tons/year are emitted during the year; tons/year of pollutants of 13 names: 
wood dust – 0.505 tons/year, 1.36 %; paint aerosol – 0.66 tons/year, 1.78 %; solvent 
vapors – 0.06 tons/year, 0.162 %; sulfuric acid vapors – 0.0052 tons/year, 0.014 %; 
hydrocarbons – 0.02046 tons/year, 0.055 %; aromatic hydrocarbons – 0.1337 tons/year, 
0.36 %; vapors gasoline and kerosene – 35.3835 tons/year, 95.318 %; dust is abrasive 
metal – 0,159 t/year, 0,428 %; dust metal and 0.172 t/year, 0,463 %; welding fumes – 
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