Английский язык: туризм и гостиничный сервис
part (1-7) of article. There is one extra heading which you do not
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Английский язык туризм и гостиничный сервис
part (1-7) of article. There is one extra heading which you do not
need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). A Revival attracts business. В Balancing progress and preservation. С Tourists starting to move beyond Prague. D The ideal solution. E A cheap place for a holiday. F Tourism brings big money. G Small but luxurious. H Countless castles and old towns. I Sustained growth in tourism. 17 TOURISM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC A steady increase in tourism has resulted in prosperity and change in Prague. 0 F The Czech Republic is enjoying a tourist boom that has become increasingly important to the country's economy. In 2010 tourism accounted for µ1.5 billion which is expected to soon rise by ten per cent. "Tourism, one of our top foreign exchange earners, is very important to the country," says Jiri Cech, director of the Tourism Department. 1 1. More than 17 million tourists came to explore the various sights of Prague known as the "Golden City", in 2010, and the boom continues. Private business people have improved the Czech capital with new shops, restaurants and cafes. 2 2. Although plans to build a luxury hotel were opposed, the capital has attracted several of the world's leading hotel groups – including Hyatt, Hilton International and Holiday Inn. These hotels bid for sites and contracts in the Czech capital. "We are optimistic about the prospects in Prague, especially for conventions and meetings," says Daniel Durand, manager of the Prague Hilton Atrium located near the city centre. 3 3. What makes Prague special, however, are small friendly hotels like the Villa Voyta. This quiet and architecturally beautiful hotel, built in 1921, has become the first in the country to be accepted into the exclusive Small Luxury Hotels of the World Association. 4 4. Foreign tourists are also beginning to discover attractions outside the capital, pouring cash directly into the farthest corners of the country. "It is very important for us to expand the options available for visitors exploring the" Czech countryside," observes Jiri Cech. 5 5. The most popular site after Prague is the south Bohemian town of Cesky Krumlov, situated above the Austrian border. Its castle houses the oldest surviving baroque theatre in the world, complete with stage sets, costumes and a library of opera libretti. Thousands of such castles and chateaux, many in excellent condition, cover the Bohemian and 18 Moravian landscapes, and many historic towns are renovating their ancient squares. Those looking for unspoilt nature can explore the Sumava region close to the Austrian and German borders, an area still rich in wildlife. 6 6. The Czech Tourism Department is trying to encourage greater investment in facilities outside Prague to try to lessen the strain on the already crowded capital. What the Minister would like most is an even spread of tourism across the whole country rather than the concentration on Prague. Indeed the city is finding it difficult to cope with the tourists in terms of accommodation, transportation and the sewage system. "For me the perfect world would be to have nature lovers wandering in the Bohemian hills, or hiking in the Sudeten mountains, and culture seekers visiting the castles of Moravia before a stop in the musical city of Prague," says Mr Cech. 7 7. There are many destinations to explore in the Czech Republic, which is busy restoring pre-war greatness. Whether the country gets full benefit from the still growing influx of tourists depends on how successful it is in offering more facilities while preserving its old world atmosphere. 20. You will read five opinions about travelling. For questions 1-5, choose from the list A-F which of the opinions each person mentions. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use. A. There are no real travelers any more. В. I would prefer to stay at home. С. being comfortable is essential. D. I wouldn't go anywhere without a guidebook. E. It is too expensive. F. The best trips are for work or study purposes. Speaker1 1 Speaker 2 2 Speaker 3 3 Speaker 4 4 Speaker 5 5 19 Speaker 1 As far as I am concerned, the perspective you have on a city as a tourist is always unreal. You see galleries and monuments, you follow a guidebook, but there are all sorts of things you miss that the people who live in the city experience. That's why I really enjoyed my last visit to Barcelona. I went to do a course there and so I had to get up in the morning and go to the university on the metro just like everyone else. We ate lunch in places full of office workers and students. I think you really get to know a city when you do something like that because you see how it is for the people who live there. Speaker 2 When I was young, everyone was doing it. We left home and either hitchhiked or bought an old van and drove ... often as far as India or even to Australia. Most of us didn't really have enough money and a lot of the time it was terribly uncomfortable or even dangerous, but we really experienced the places we visited. There were no Lonely Planet or Rough Guides in those days, so information about where to stay and what to eat passed by word of mouth. As far as I'm concerned, those really were the good old days. Nowadays even young people are often on package holidays where so much is organized for you: flight, accommodation, visits. It's just not travelling if you ask me. Speaker 3 I did a lot of travelling when I was younger, much of it because of my job. I've visited every continent and most of the major capital cities. I loved it of course but now I really can't be bothered. Let's face it; travelling involves enormous expense, anxiety and physical effort. No matter how carefully you plan, you end up carrying your luggage up and down stairs in airports and railway stations and at my age it's just too much. And then there are the hours and hours you spend in the airport. The last time I went away we were delayed and it took me 18 hours to get to where I was going. From now on, I've decided I'm staying put. Speaker 4 We had a copy of a guidebook called Rough and Ready Travel and it really was a bit too rough for us. In the entry for one of the places we visited they recommended two guesthouses and said they were both cheap and clean although a bit basic. Honestly, we couldn't have possibly stayed in either of them. Maybe we're getting soft in our old age but I really don't enjoy travelling unless I can stay somewhere quiet with a 20 decent bathroom and, in hot countries like Thailand, air conditioning. If I can't sleep at night, I'm tired the next day and that can really ruin a holiday for me. Anyway we stayed in a four-star hotel and it really wasn't very expensive. Speaker 5 A lot of my friends spent half their time in Internet cafes downloading information about where to stay in the next place they were visiting or trying to find out about the cheapest places to eat. But we spent our time actually seeing the cities we were visiting and we had all sorts of historical and cultural information at our fingertips as well. It was a bit heavy to carry around so we would tear out the sections that referred to the places we'd already visited and post them home. By the end of the trip, it was only about fifty pages long! It really was invaluable though. I'd always make sure I had one with me wherever I was. 21. Choose the best alternative to complete these sentences. 1. most ... stay in the cheap youth hostels and guesthouses near the central coach station. A rucksackers В backpackers С hitchhikers 2. At any given time, there are several hundred passenger ships ... the Mediterranean. A drifting В cruising С sailing 3. The ... guide on the bus was very knowledgeable about the city's history. A travel В tour С trip 4. He decided to do a holiday creative writing.... A education В training С course 5. My parents went on a weekend city- ... to Paris. A gap В break С pause 6. Some people like the convenience of ... holidays because they don't have to worry about transport, accommodation and meals. A package В organized С group 21 7. It's been one of my dreams to go ... in Nepal. A hiking В trotting С trekking 8. On ... to the North Pole, the members of the group have to ensure a very high calorie intake. A explorations В exhibitions С expeditions 9. I like walking holidays but a ... holiday is out of the question for me. I can't ride a bike! A bicycle В riding С cycling 22. Use the correct form of words and phrases from Exercise and other words to complete what a student said about two photographs. Both these photographs show groups of people on (1) ... In the first photograph there is a group of (2) ... about to set out on an (3) ... I'm not sure exactly where they are but it could be a country like Nepal or India. Something that this photograph has in common with the other photograph is that there is a (4) ... leading the group. The tourists in the second picture are on a (5) ... and they will be travelling around by coach whereas the first group of tourists will be (6) ... They will probably have to carry their own (7) ... but the people on the (8) ... ship have all their luggage on board and don't have to worry about carrying it from place to place. Another (9) ... is that in the first photograph it is obviously very cold – everyone is wearing anoraks and big boots. In the second photograph, on the other (10) ..., it seems to be either spring or summer as the people are wearing light clothing like T-shirts and sleeveless dresses. Personally, I would prefer to be with the people in the first photograph. I think that is real travelling . 23. Read the article from 'The Guardian' and complete the gaps. a) The number of visitors to Britain last year __________ b) The proportion of repeat visitors: __________ c) The number of Japanese visitors: d) Last year's percentage increase in the number of North American visitors: _______ 22 e) The percentage growth in visitors from the Far East: _________ f) The number of North American visitors: _________ WHEN THE HEAT IS ON It's the season of heat and dust, when the British are at the seaside or abroad, leaving their cultural heritage to tourists. The ancient monuments, palaces and historic streets resemble a new Babylon, ringing with European, Asian and American dialects. Last year, Britain attracted nearly 21 million visitors. The trend is steadily upward, but the picture is not unequivocally good. Tourism is the world's biggest growth industry, and Britain is facing ever fiercer competition for tourists' spending money; "We have been a popular place to come to for many years," said Isobel Coy, of the British Tourist Authority. "Now practically every country in the world is after the tourist dollar, whether it has a small coral reef or Florence. There is serious competition out there. Britain has to concentrate on doing well and there is a lot of room for improvement. Two-thirds of our visitors are repeat visitors, which is good, but we must make sure we're offering people what they want – high standards, value for money, and a warm welcome – so they continue to come." They come for different things. The Americans and Antipodeans (Australians and New Zealanders) are interested in common roots and architecture that is centuries older than theirs. The Russians apparently like Blackpool, the Dutch and Germans have discovered the beaches of East Anglia, the Japanese are heading for Wales, the Scandinavians for the shops in the North-east, and the Italians to the Scottish Highlands. The North Americans come in great numbers – 3.5 million last year, an increase of 4 per cent on the previous year. The biggest increase, of 30 per cent, is in visitors from Eastern Europe. But the big growth market for tourism, and the one all the competing resorts and destinations are aiming at, is the Far East, showing a growth of 15 per cent a year. The Japanese have-been coming, and continue to come, to Britain in considerable numbers – 559.000 last year – but it is such nationalities as the Koreans, the Taiwanese, the Malaysians and the Thais who hold the future in their wallets. 23 24. Read the text again and answer he questions: a) What attracts tourists to Great Britain? b) Why must Britain fight to maintain its tourism growth? c) How can Britain attract more tourists? What needs to be done? d) What are the main reasons for visiting Great Britain? e) Why do people of different nationalities prefer different places? f) Which is Britain's biggest potential growth market? Why? 25. Sum up the article. 26. Read the text below and decide which answer (А, В, С or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). TRAVELLERS ON A LONELY PLANET Tony Wheeler and his wife Maureen started the (0) company known as Lonely Planet after a year-long journey across Asia in 1973. They were amazed to find that their friends were (1) ... to read their accounts of the (2) ..., which had taken them well off the (3) ... track. It was not long before they formed a company and began publishing guides to independent travel. In their early books they (4) ... to write about those destinations for which there were no existing guidebooks. Since then, they've (5) ... the company and have published more than four hundred guides which cover everything from (6) ... exploration to more luxurious adventures. Even today, the Lonely Planet Guide to Mongolia is the only one of its (7) ... . Tony says it was easier to write the first guide than later ones because they had actually done the trips they were writing about. Nevertheless, the guides remain very popular and include information on every (8) ... of travelling, from what brand of insect repellent to use, to where to get a haircut or have your clothes washed. Tony and Maureen are (9) ... of all of their guides but say their favorite is the guide to India. The couple have not stopped travelling – they still (10) ... backpacking themselves, and usually (11) ... for the Himalayas, which they love. (12) … enough, on these trips Tony and Maureen take the Lonely Planet Guide to India with them! 0 A enterprise В business С company D endeavor 1 A eager В enthusiastic С motivated D committed 24 2 A travel В voyage С trip D tour 3 A followed В usual С known D beaten 4 A set out В went in С made for D took off 5 A extended В expanded С increased D broadened 6 A low- budget В small- С cheap- cost D little- money 7 A sort В nature С character D kind 8 A subject В matter С aspect D concern 9 A pleased В excited С keen D proud 10 A do В make С go D have 11 A head В take С go D fly 12 A Normally В Usually С Generally D Naturally 27. Do the quick quiz below. 1. You have won µ1,000,000. Would you A put it in a bank account? В share it with your family? С use it to do something you have always wanted to do? 2. You can change places with anyone in the world for a week. Would you choose A a film star because they have such a luxurious lifestyle? В an explorer because they have such an exciting life? С a politician because then you could change the world? 3. You have the chance to travel anywhere in the world. Would you go A somewhere completely different from your own country? В somewhere relaxing? С somewhere on your own? 28. Compare your answers with a partner. What do you think your answers say about each of you? 29. You are going to read an extract from a novel about a girl called Rowan who dreams of travelling the world. Read the extract quickly and answer the following questions. 1. Where does Rowan grow up? 2. Where does she go to work? 25 3. Where does she dream of travelling to? Rowan was twenty-four years old. She'd been dreaming of travelling the world since she was twelve. It was Mr Kinear, her geography teacher back home in Scotland, who had first set her dreaming. He cycled to school summer and winter wearing a poncho. He was not a man who kept to the point. Trying to fill young minds with facts – a country's imports, exports, natural resources, populations – did not make him happy. He would gaze across the rows of faces before him, aware of how tired they might be of the process of gathering new knowledge. He would see who was sucking a sweet and who was gazing out of the window and who was passing notes to whom, and he could not bear to think that he was the cause of this boredom. So instead of teaching, he would tell his pupils about his journeys. He told them about his days of backpacking through Peru and Australia, and about his journey from this little Scottish town where he'd been born down to London, across Europe to India. Not knowing what to think, his pupils continued to suck, gaze and scribble. But Rowan was different. She sat spellbound in her stiff new school uniform and listened to every word. She wanted to do that, go to places where she was not known, travel the world with just a rucksack and a spare pair of shoes. She wanted to get away from this town, away from her parents and the routine life they led, from strict mealtimes, with breakfast at seven thirty, lunch at a quarter to one, tea at five thirty, and from the family's annual fortnight’s trip to the seaside. She wanted to spend years on the move until she found the place where she was meant to be. In those days, she would get excited just being somewhere where the buses were a different color. She was convinced there was a place somewhere out there where she would be completely happy. She would find it. One day she would walk into some strange little town, sit down at a table in a small cafe, look round and say, 'This is it. This is where I am meant to be.' As soon as she'd finished school, she left the small town where she lived with her parents in Scotland, and got a job as a secretary in London. She did not want to work at moving up the career ladder, but she kept her dreams. She imagined a whole wide gorgeous world waiting for her to tramp across it. Determined to get there, she did not notice the 26 things that were going; on around her and so denied herself all sorts of simple pleasures – new clothes, music, nights out – in order to save up for her great adventure. The routes she planned to take, following in the footsteps of other travelers, greater, she thought, than she would ever be, were carefully marked on the maps that covered the walls of her room. One day, she told herself, she would visit the places on her maps and have her own great adventure. She would stand on lonesome railway platforms waiting for trains to come along with their clattering crowds of people, and travel to wherever the tracks took her. She would go to Africa and watch wide grey lakes turn pink with flamingos. She would visit Patagonia and Peru. She would walk the Great Wall of China. She would trek the Australian outback, guided only by ancient dreaming songs, under southern skies. She would sleep under canvas, whilst beyond her tent a jungle lived and moved. She would wander in the deserts of Sudan. She would do all that and more. She would. She would. 30. Now read the text again. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (А, В, С or D), which you think fits best according to the text. 1. The writer suggests that Mr Kinear was A unobservant of what was going on in his classroom. В successful in involving the students in his subject. С sympathetic to his students' feelings. D uninterested in his students' problems. 2. What does 'spellbound' mean in line 22? A confused В shocked С unbelieving D fascinated 3. Rowan listened to Mr Kinear in his lessons because A he gave her ideas for things she would like to achieve. В he had travelled to places she had always wanted to see. С he was an example of someone who had escaped. D he understood her frustration with her own situation. 27 4. During her schooldays, when Rowan thought about travelling, she wanted to A see sights that were unusual. В experience different cultures. С find a place that felt right for her. D learn how to adapt to new situations. 5. The writer says that when Rowan went to London, A she was frustrated because her pay was too low for her to enjoy life. В she was disappointed that her job offered so few opportunities. С she was confused by the size and activity of the city. D she was unaware of the possibilities the city offered. 6. 'Greater' in line 50 refers to A Rowan's maps. В the routes Rowan planned. С other travelers. D the journeys of other people. 7. When she was planning her journey, Rowan's aim was to A use the cheapest means of transport to get to know the country. В get to know local people in the countries she visited. С visit areas where no one else had ever been. D see as wide a variety of places as she could. 8. What is the main impression the writer gives of Rowan in this extract? A She is bored with her unfulfilling job. В She is single-minded about fulfilling her dream. С She is unrealistic about travel in the modern world. D She is prepared to face up to difficult problems. 31. You are going to read some information about hotels. For questions 1-15 choose from the types of accommodation (A-E). Some of the types of accommodation may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. There is an example at the beginning (0). 28 Which hotel(s): is for people who like sport? 0 D are not recommended for tourists? 1 2 have religious origins? 3 4 is for those who don't mind how much they spend? 5 can offer services to non-guests? 6 offers free shelter for the homeless? 7 is for people who want to be near a park? 8 is for those who want to prepare their own hot drinks? 9 are for those who plan an extended stay in London? 10 11 is for those who prefer formality? 12 is for people who want to socialize? 13 is for those who prefer a homely environment? 14 only has single rooms? 15 The City Refuge A This Refuge was started in the 19th century by Methodist Missionaries in the East End of London. Traditionally the East End has always been the poorest part of London and the people who started this Refuge went in aid of those who had no money, and nowhere to sleep. The Refuge still runs today on the same basis. There is no charge to stay there and there is even tea and toast in the morning. The people who run the Refuge, however, do not accept anyone who has been drinking alcohol or taking drugs. They will only take people who are in desperate need of somewhere to sleep. The problem they face however, is that nowadays there are more people needing this accommodation than the Refuge has room for. Long Term hotels B There are several streets around an area of London called King's Cross that only have this type of accommodation. They used to be for tourists who were on a budget and wanted to be centrally located. But this has now changed. King's Cross has turned into an area notorious for crime of all kinds, and tourists in particular are advised not to go there at all. Long Term Hotels in this area are fairly cheap due to the accommodation being very basic: a bed and a wash-basin in the rooms, with a shared bathroom. They are often dirty, damp and dangerous. They 29 seldom have proper fire precautions and dealing in drugs is a common feature in these hotels. Not for the clean-living visitor! The Bayswater hotels C This area of London is a few minutes' bus ride away from Hyde Park. The hotels here are reasonably priced and the area is a safe one which attracts many tourists. The Bayswater Hotels are often large houses which have been turned into small hotels. As a result they have a warm, friendly atmosphere. The rooms, though small, are kept very clean and have that special English touch – the tea-tray. This is to enable guests to make themselves a cup of tea or coffee at no extra charge. These hotels sometimes have a bar and restaurant which are reasonably priced, and can be used by people who are not even staying in the hotel. Very often guests of the hotels have their breakfast and evening meal included in the price of the room. The YMCA D The Young Men's Christian Association has a very impressive complex in the heart of London's West End. Originally the YMCA met together for religious studies, but it has now grown into a huge international organization. The YMCA in Tottenham Court Road has some of the best facilities in Central London. It has a gym, squash courts and a swimming pool. It is a long term hotel and many residents, both men and women, stay there for months, even years. The rooms are for single people. They are very comfortably furnished and all have their own bathroom. It may seem an expensive place to live, but if you want lots of things to do and want to meet lots of people in a safe, central environment, then this is for you. The Dorchester hotel E The Dorchester, situated in the heart of London, is one of the most luxurious and expensive hotels in the world. A single night in one of their suites can cost you thousands of pounds. The services they offer are the best you can find, from serving you tea to driving you around London. The staff have a strict dress-code and always wear a uniform. The Dorchester offers everything the lover of luxury could want, especially as it's provided in a very discreet, professional and very friendly manner. This hotel is not for people who like the casual touch. The rooms are absolutely luxurious, with color televisions, Jacuzzis, a fully-stocked bar, fresh flowers and fruit. Definitely a hotel for people with taste and a large bank account. 30 32. For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (А, В, С or D) best fits each gap. WHAT MAKES A GOOD SOUVENIR? On my desk at home, I have a collection of souvenirs; objects that (0) ... me of places I've visited and important events in my life. These objects include a model boat that I saw being (1) ... from a piece of wood on a Caribbean island, a piece of lava that (2) ... hot from a volcano in the year I was born, and a shell (3) ... on my favorite childhood beach. (4) ... everything else, from which memory and detail fades, it is as if the longer you hold on to certain objects, the (5) ... their associations with the past become, and the sharper the recollections that gather around them. They are, (6) ..., real souvenirs, encapsulations not only of the place, but of your time in the place. But these days, the term 'real souvenirs' sounds like a contradiction in (7) ..., and this is because the objects sold to tourists as souvenirs are often cheap mass-produced imports that have nothing to (8) ... with the place at all. It's often the (9) ... that the best souvenirs, like my shell, are found rather than purchased, but (10) ... for souvenirs can also be a fun holiday activity. But if you are buying souvenirs on holiday this summer, make sure they (11) ... the reality test. A good souvenir is not just made in the area where it is bought, it also says something about the culture of that area. It is something made by local people using sustainable local materials, and because you are 0 A remind В memorize С remember D commemorate 1 A sketched В carved С thrown D scratched 2 A developed В appeared С emerged D arrived 3 A found out В bumped into С come across D picked up 4 A Opposite В Dissimilar С Unlike D Different 5 A wider В greater С larger D harder 6 A albeit В otherwise С whereas D therefore 7 A terms В meanings С words D names 8 A gain В do С make D get 9 A point В fact С case D truth 10 A browsing В seeking С surfing D pursuing 11 A win В take С beat D pass 31 12 A come В charge С go D cost 33. This article is about three French women who set off on holiday and received an unpleasant surprise. Read the article and answer these questions. 1. What was their American dream? 2. Why is the article entitled "A Tale of Two Cities"? 3. Why weren't they suffering from time zone changes after eight hours' travel? 4. What was the "minor inconvenience"? 5. Who is they in "They simply had no idea"? 6. How did the policeman finally manage to explain the situation to them? 7. Why were they unwilling to take phone calls? Has anything ever gone wrong for you or for one of your friends on holiday? What happened? A TALE OF TWO CITIES AS INTREPID TRIO LOSE OUT ON AMERICAN DREAM The three French women had set out bound for adventure. The hotel was booked. They had their holiday cash. They were looking forward to the autumnal scenes around Portsmouth, New Hampshire. It didn't seem that far away, the United States. Only eight hours on a ferry from Le Havre. They had preferred to take the boat, rather than fly. But even they were surprised at how little they were suffering from the time zone changes. There was only a minor inconvenience, it seemed. They stepped into a taxi, asking for the Sheraton. They had already booked for a three-day stay, and paid a $500 deposit. But those cabbies. They simply had no idea. Drive you about for hours, and still unable to find a luxury hotel as big as the Sheraton. The police became involved when the cabbie turned in desperation to the Portsmouth constabulary. He was unable to trace the famous hotel. "They were adamant they had booked into the Sheraton in Portsmouth," PC David Crouch said. "They asked if they were in Portsmouth and I said 'Yes'. Then they asked 'Is this Hampshire?' and I agreed. It was all a great mystery, so I asked if they had a brochure from the hotel and they produced a pamphlet. I spotted the word Portsmouth, then saw that it was 32 in New Hampshire, USA. I pointed to the map on the leaflet and showed them Portsmouth, then ran my finger down about half an inch and said 'Look! New York!' I didn't know if they were going to laugh or cry when, in broken English, they asked 'Are we in the wrong country?' Fortunately, they saw the funny side and burst out laughing. I've been doing this job for 31 years and this is the first time I have come across anyone who accidentally came to the wrong country for a holiday." The three women, two in their twenties, one a little older, were taken to the two-star Arcade hotel in Portsmouth. They plan to return home this morning, according to the receptionist, Sara de Bathe. They were fighting shy of all telephone calls. Particularly long-distance ones. (from The Guardian) 34. For questions 1-2, read the text below and decide which answer (А, В, С or D) best fits each gap. THE ART OF TRAVEL Journeys are the midwives of thought. Few places are more conducive to internal conversations than a moving plane, ship or train. There is an almost quaint correlation between what is in front of our eyes and the thoughts that we are able to have in our heads: large thoughts at times requiring large views, new thoughts, new places. Introspective reflections which are liable to stall are helped along by the flow of the landscape. The mind may be reluctant to think properly when thinking is all it is supposed to do. The task can be as paralyzing as having to tell a joke or mimic an accent on demand. Thinking improves when parts of the mind are given other tasks, are charged with listening to music or following a line of trees. Of all modes of transport, the train is perhaps the best aid to thought: the views have none of the potential monotony of those on ship or plane, they move fast enough for us not to get exasperated but slowly enough to identify objects. They offer us brief, inspiring glimpses into private domains, letting us see a woman at the precise moment when she takes a cup from a shelf in her kitchen, then carrying us on to a patio where a man is sleeping and then to a park where a child is catching a ball thrown by a figure we cannot see. 33 1. According to the writer, why may people think deeply on a long journey? A They are inspired by things they see out of the window. В They are bored and so have lots of time for reflection. С The mind is only partly occupied in looking at the view. D The mind is free of its usual everyday preoccupations. 2. He sees the train as the most conducive to thought because of A the particular speed at which it travels. В the varied landscape through which it passes. С the chance it gives us to compare our lives with others'. D the need to keep pace with the constantly changing view 35. You are going to read a text about a group of women who went on an expedition in the Arctic circle. Read the text on the right once quickly and say which of the items in the list is not mentioned. 1. choosing the group members 2. preparations for the trip 3. weather conditions 4. preparing food 5. protective clothing 6. feelings and relationships 36. Read the text again. For questions 1-7, choose the answer (А, В, С or D) which you think fits best according to the text. 1 What was so extraordinary about the expedition? A There was no one to lead it. В The women did not have any men with them. С It was a new experience for most of the women. D The women had not met one another before. 2. Why were the women who took part in the expedition chosen? A They were the only ones who answered the advertisement. В They had done a weekend training course. С They were still in the group after others had been eliminated. D They came from very diverse backgrounds. 34 3. What did the women who answered the advertisement have in common? A They were about the same age. В They had all suffered pain and discomfort. С They all had plenty of money. D They all wanted to achieve a goal. 4. What does 'these' refer to in line 28? A all the applicants В the training expeditions С the women who went on the trip D the unsuitable applicants 5. What did each woman have to do before the start of the expedition? A visit Canada В get fit С learn to ski D meet the other women 6. On the expedition, the women had to be careful to avoid A falling over on the ice. В being left behind. С damaging the sledges. D getting too cold at night. 7. It was difficult for the women to cover 15 kilometers a day because A they got too tired. В the ice was moving. С they kept getting lost. D the temperatures were too low. 8. What is the main message of the text? A Motivation and teamwork achieve goals. В Women can do anything they want. С It is sometimes good to experience difficult conditions. D Arctic conditions are very harsh. 35 In 1997, a group of twenty British women made history. Working in five teams with four women in each team, they walked to the North Pole. Apart from one experienced female guide, the other women were all ordinary people who had never done anything like this in their lives before. They managed to survive in an environment which had defeated several very experienced men during the same few spring months of that year. Who were these women and how did they succeed where others failed? In the summer of 1995, an advertisement was put in several British newspapers: 'Adventurers are being sought for the formation of an all- woman team to walk to the North Pole. Applications are invited from women of any age, background and occupation who are willing to put up with real pain and discomfort to achieve an important goal.' Nearly one hundred women took part in the first selection weekend and then, after several training expeditions designed to weed out unsuitable applicants, twenty women were chosen. The youngest of 8 these was twenty-one and the oldest fifty-one. In the group there was a mother of triplets, a teacher, a flight attendant, a policewoman and even a film producer. They were a very mixed bunch but they all really wanted to take part in the venture and make it a success. Each of the women agreed to raise the µ2500 needed for expenses and the airfare to Canada, where the expedition began. They also committed themselves to following an intensive physical training programme before leaving the UK so that they were fit enough to take part in the expedition without endangering their own or others' lives. The women set off as soon as they were ready. Once on the ice, each woman had to ski along while dragging a sledge weighing over 50 kilos. This would not have been too bad on a smooth surface, but for long stretches, the Arctic ice is pushed up into huge mounds two or three meters high and the sledges had to be hauled up one side and carefully let down the other so that they didn't smash. The temperature was always below freezing point and sometimes strong winds made walking while pulling so much weight almost impossible. It was also very difficult to put up their tents when they stopped each night. In such conditions the women were making good progress if they covered fourteen or fifteen kilometers a day. But there was another problem. Part of the journey was across a frozen sea with moving water 36 underneath the ice and at some points the team would drift back more than five kilometers during the night. That meant that after walking in these very harsh conditions for ten hours on one day, they had to spend part of the next day covering the same ground again. Furthermore, each day it would take three hours from waking up to setting off and another three hours every evening to set up the camp and prepare the evening meal. So, how did they manage to succeed? They realized that they were part of a team. If any one of them didn't pull her sledge or get her job done, she would be jeopardizing the success of the whole expedition. Any form of selfishness could result in the efforts of everyone else being completely wasted, so personal feelings had to be put to one side. At the end of their journey, the women agreed that it was mental effort far more than physical fitness that got them to the North Pole. 37. Read the article about the way tourist destinations have developed over the last three decades and answer these questions. a. What was the film Summer Holiday about? b. How much did two weeks in Majorca cost in 1963? с. How much did it cost to go to Australia? d. What were package holidays like at that time? e. Why did package holidays have to last a long time? f. According to the article, which long-haul destinations have opened up since the 60s? g. How has Australia become a tourist destination? h. In what way has technology affected tourism? i. How has politics affected tourism? SUMMER HOLIDAY Peter Hughes looks at how our horizons have expanded and the world has shrunk since 1963 "We're all going on a summer holiday," sang a British pop star, Cliff Richard, way back in 1963, but he and his musicians never thought of going further than ex-Yugoslavia. Their adventure in the film Summer Holiday involved buying a London bus and driving through Europe. The few package holidays available were to places such as the Costa Brava, Raima, Austria or Italy. Holidaymakers flew in a piston-engined 37 aeroplane such as the Lockheed Constellation and paid about forty guineas for 15 days in Majorca. At that time package holidays were rarely shorter than two weeks. This was because the government wouldn't allow tour operators using charter flights to sell a holiday for less than the price of a return ticket on a scheduled airline to the same place. As a result, the number of people able to afford a holiday abroad was limited. The expansion of popular travel has been explosive. Around 250.000 people took a package holiday in 1963; in 1992 the figure was 11 million. Increased prosperity, of course, has made this possible but the biggest influences have been politics and technology. Take Australia. In 1963 you would have spent your life savings getting there. Now you can go to Sydney on a two-week package and stay at a four-star hotel for a fraction of that price. It was a mixture of politics and technology that brought the Great Barrier Reef and Sydney harbour within reach. For years the national airlines had opposed any competition from charters but, as the Australian economy declined and with the success of the bicentenary celebrations, revenue from tourism seemed more and more attractive. So the politicians changed their mind and charters started up in 1988. The new technology was in the aircraft itself, the Boeing 767 two- engined jet with the range and economy to bring a whole catalogue of long-haul destinations into the package holiday domain. Thailand, India, Mexico, East Africa, the States and the Caribbean all have their place in the mass market brochures thanks to the new aircraft. Politics with an even bigger "P" have opened up parts of the world that the most adventurous would have been reluctant to visit thirty years ago, even if they had been allowed in. Now several international airlines fly to Ho Chi Minh City, formerly Saigon, and the tourist can scramble through the Vietcong's secret network of tunnels which have been specially widened for broad-bottomed westerners. China now welcomes tourists who throng the Forbidden City, cruise up the 'Yangtze, and marvel at the Terracotta Warriors at Xian. As for Eastern Europe, the Russians want tourists almost more than there are tourists to go there, and in the Czech state visitors stroll through the fairy-tale streets of Prague in their millions. In these cities a complete legacy of architecture has been handed down intact. St Petersburg would still be recognisable to Peter the Great; Prague is still much as Mozart 38 knew it. Whatever else the communists did, their neglect of ancient buildings has proved to be an unexpected boon and has preserved the beauty of entire city centres. (adapted from an article in Expressions) Download 0.75 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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