Animal anatomy, histology, pathological anatomy

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Zharov A.V. Pathological anatomy of animals. – St. Petersburg; M.; Krasnodar: Lan, 2013. – 620 p. – Access mode: EBS “Lan” (http://e.lanbook.com), ISBN: 978-5-8114-1450-5 2. Zharov A.V. Forensic veterinary medicine. Textbook. – St. Petersburg; M.; Krasnodar: Lan, 2014. – 464 p. – Access mode: EBS “Lan” (http://e.lanbook.com), ISBN: 978-5-8114-1581-6 3.

Topic 3:Pathomorphology of dystrophy and protein dystrophy.

Plan
1. Definition, causes and types of dystrophy.
2. Pathogenesis and pathomorphology of dystrophy.
3. Protein dystrophy (dysproteinosis).
Keywords: Hyaline, drip, dystrophy, conglobates, bile pigments, osteomalacia, fibrous, osteodystrophy, melanin, hemosiderin, amyloid protein, hydropic.
1). Dystrophy(Greek Dis-disorder, trophe-feeding) is a complex pathological process caused by metabolic disorders in tissues. Dystrophy is characterized by the accumulation of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, salts and water in the tissues of metabolic products, which have changed both quantitatively and qualitatively as a result of disruption of enzymatic processes.
The causes of dystrophy arise under the influence of harmful factors (infection, intoxication, vitamin deficiency, neurotic disorders, damage to the endocrine glands, local circulatory and lymphatic circulation disorders, etc.).
2). The pathogenesis of dystrophy is complex and not always the same.Because dystrophic processes are extremely diverse. In any case, all types of exchange are inextricably linked. In this regard, dystrophies are divided into cellular, extracellular and mixed. Those who explain the reasons for this through several theories are the theories of transformation, penetration and decomposition.
Types of dystrophy are divided into protein, fat, carbohydrate, mineral and pigment. Pathomorphology of dystrophy: differentiated into macroscopic and microscopic manifestations.
The macroscopic appearance increases the size of organs in dystrophies, the consistency thickens, and the color becomes blurred, yellowish, whitish, depending on the type of residual material. The capsule of the organs is tense, the structure of the organs on sections is different, the edges are thickened. Residual substances in the cytoplasm of a cell in the microscopic appearance range they appear drop-shaped, granular, granular, and sometimes uniform in appearance. As the cell size increases, the nucleus at the base pushes back the cytoplasm and turns dark blue.