Animal anatomy, histology, pathological anatomy

Coccidiosis- Objectives of the topic: To train students in the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of coccidiosis disease. Visual equipment and instruments: Organ, microtome, block window box, gematoksilin, eosin. Alcohol, xylene, paraffin, microscopy, histological preparation and museum preparations. Purpose of the lesson: Study of microscopic and macroscopic appearance. 1. Working pieces of pathological material will be cut from the kidneys and skeletal muscles. 2. The particles are washed and dehydrated in an alcohol battery. 3. Paraffin blocks are made. 4. Paint normal cuts. 5. Sections are stained with hematoxylin and eosin dyes. 6. Macroscopic changes are studied using museum preparations.
Lesson content. It is a disease of agriculture and wildlife, poultry, fish and other animals. Each species has its own type of coccidia. All coccidia are intracellular parasites that live in the epithelium of the intestinal mucosa, bile ducts and renal tubules. Coccidiosis in chickens, chickens, calves and piglets is the most important.
Coccidiosis in chickens. Chickens usually become ill between 2 weeks and 3-4 months of age. In young chickens the disease is acute and the mortality rate is very high - 100%. The body of a dead chicken is very thin. The feathers around the cloaca are contaminated with bloody fluid. Muscles are in a state of atrophy. The mucous membranes of the mouth, throat and esophagus are blue. The glandular and muscular stomach is empty or partially nourished. In the serum membranes of the small intestine there is local redness, and in other places there are 1-2 mm shiny gray lesions. Intestinal juice is semi-liquid grayish-red in color, the mucous layer is formed by local edematous, reddish, limited flowing deposits. For example, when examined under a microscope, round or elliptical shapes are the final stage of development of oocysts - coccidia. Drastic changes occur in the appendix, which is dark red in color and filled with dead tissue and blood tissue.
Coccidiosis in rabbits is called coccidiosis. Female rabbits are susceptible to the disease. Depending on the location of the parasites, diseases of the intestines, liver and spleen are distinguished.
Intestinal damage is characterized by catarrhal, hemorrhagic enteritis, both in birds and repeatedly. But trauma is not the same as a change in the bird's cecum.
Liver. Once the parasites leave the oocysts, they enter the portal vein and travel to the liver. Here they enter the epithelium of the bile duct and grow into epithelial cells, which, in turn, leads to the proliferation of connective tissue. As a result, warts form on the bile ducts. Parasites penetrate proliferative cells, causing dilation of the bile duct. Macroscopically, hepatic ducts are formed in the liver tissue. When they are cut, a blue semi-liquid mass appears. A caprological examination revealed the presence of oocytes. Arrhythmias and parenchymal atrophy of the corpse are characteristic.