Author (authors)
Download 1.33 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Effective strategies for optimizing the services marketing of Shahrazad restaurant OY
3.4 Reliability and validity
D O'Gorman and MacIntosh (2015, 171) stress the concept of reliability and validity that possess a significant influence upo n researchers’ consideration about their work, where reliability highlights on how research able to repeat study and expect the same findings, meanwhile the validity concept concerned with a quantitative study which consists of internal validity and external validity. Kothari (2004, 111) claims that reliability of data can be evaluated based on the findings of the secondary data which indicates the collection sources as a date of publication, references, who collected the data, and the justification of using data. The researcher has carefully collected the relevant sources and information from reliable books, famous academic researchers, and publishers. The researcher managed to easy access to academic books and articles by assuring the precisely presenting of references style in texts as well as in the table of reference. Bryman et al. (2015, 400-403.) mention an alternative criterion for evaluating the reliability concepts which found as (1), Dependability that related to establishing some criteria of trustworthiness by a researcher to audit methods through recording all phases of research, selection of participants, fieldwork notes, interview transcript, and accessible to data analysis-decision. (2), Confirmability that concerns acting of research in good faith and personal value, in which reflect findings and research. 37 As suggested by (Walliman 2005, 294-294) who found that validity is the quality of data collection which should truly reflect the impact of the controlled variables and enable a study to make generalizations more relevant to experimental situation, “the internal validity is a level of sophistication of design and the extent of control determine of experimental design, and external validity is the extent of legitimate generalizability of the results giving a rating of design”. Bryman et al. (2015, 403) claim the authenticity is one of the influential criteria of the validity concept when a researcher administers fully clarify different viewpoints from members of the social setting in the way of fairness aspect, and researcher able to empower participants for involving action as tactical authenticity. D O'Gorman and MacIntosh (2015, 171) suppose that survey questionnaire could be implemented by carefully asserting the cause and effect of creating the sample in terms of external validity. Meanwhile, internal validity could achieve from assuring the coherent of questions and measurements through testing questionnaire wording and layout and question sequencing, be familiar with Download 1.33 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling