In the year of our Lord 394, Arcadius, the son of Theodosius, the forty-third from Augustus,
succeeding to the empire,
with his brother Honorius, held it thirteen years. In his time, Pelagius,
[Pelagius, the founder of the heresy known as Pelagianism, was probably born in 370 A.D., and is
said to have been a Briton.
His great opponent, St. Augustine, speaks of him as a good and holy
man; later slanders are to be attributed to Jerome’s abusive language. The cardinal point in his
doctrine is his denial of original sin, involving a too great reliance on
the human will in achieving
holiness, and a limitation of the action of the grace of God] a Briton, spread far and near the infection
of his perfidious doctrine, denying the assistance of the Divine grace,
being seconded therein by
his associate Julianus of Campania, who was impelled by an uncontrolled desire to recover his
bishopric, of which he had been deprived. St . Augustine, and the other orthodox fathers,
quoted
many thousand catholic authorities against them, but failed to amend their folly; nay, more, their
madness being rebuked was rather increased by contradiction than suffered by them to be purified
through adherence to the truth;
which Prosper, the rhetorician, has beautifully expressed thus in
heroic" verse :—
"They tell that one, erewhile consumed with gnawing spite, snake-like
attacked Augustine in
his writings. Who urged the wretched viper to raise from the ground his head, howsoever hidden
in dens of darkness? Either the sea-girt Britons reared him with the fruit of their soil, or fed on
Campanian pastures his heart swells with pride."
CHAP. XI. How during the reign of Honorius, Gratian and Constantine were created tyrants
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